Ischemic stroke is a neurological deficit caused by a transient ischemic attack, cerebral thrombosis or cerebral embolism, which is a disorder of the brain itself and/or a disorder of systemic blood circulation resulting in an impaired blood supply to the brain. It is a common disease that seriously threatens human health and life expectancy and is characterized by high morbidity, mortality and disability. In China, there are about 2 million new cases of stroke each year, and about 1.5 million people die of cerebrovascular disease each year, with 6-7 million patients surviving. Among stroke survivors, about 3/4 of them have different degrees of disability, and about 40% of them are severely disabled. This not only affects the quality of life of patients, but also imposes a heavy mental and economic burden on the state, society and many families. Primary prevention is the early intervention of people at high risk of stroke without a history of stroke, through changing their bad habits and actively controlling various controllable risk factors to achieve the goal of no or delayed stroke. With the accelerating trend of population aging in the world and in China, the risk of stroke is becoming more and more prominent, which will become a major factor in the increase of disability and death rate. Since more than 70% of strokes are first events, effective primary prevention of ischemic stroke can greatly reduce the incidence of stroke, so risk factor intervention and primary prevention are particularly important. Risk factors The risk factors for ischemic stroke can be divided into 2 types: interventional and non-interventional. Age, gender, genetics, and race are non-interventional risk factors. The risk of stroke continues to increase with age: after age 55, the risk of stroke increases 1-fold every 10 years. There is a significant difference between the sexes in the world, and overall, the incidence of stroke is higher in men than in women, with a ratio of 1.1 to 1.5:1, while data published since 2001 suggest that low birth weight is a potentially unchangeable risk factor. Studies have found that adults with a birth weight of 2500 g or less have twice the risk of stroke as adults with a birth weight of approximately 4000 g or more, but the reason for this relationship is uncertain. In addition, recent studies have found racial differences in the incidence of ischemic stroke and some familial aggregation, with a significantly higher consistency of ischemic stroke in identical twins (17%) than in dizygotic twins (3.6%) (p<0.05). Although the above factors cannot be intervened, they help to identify individuals at risk to benefit from rigorous treatment and control that can intervene in risk factors. In addition, there is evidence that some genetic factors have the potential to be intervened by gene therapy and are potentially intervenable. It is just that no specific gene therapy is currently available and is defined as a non-interventional factor. Some of the major risk factors that can be modified by intervention include hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking and alcohol abuse. Hypertension is a major risk factor for stroke. Systolic blood pressure in old age is a better predictor of adverse events than diastolic blood pressure, and the risk of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in elderly hypertensive patients is 3.1 times higher than in non-hypertensive patients. Prospective studies have shown that untreated hypertension significantly increases the incidence of stroke. All types of heart disease are strongly associated with ischemic stroke. Among them, atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia, and it is a major risk factor for ischemic stroke. Patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation have an annual risk of ischemic stroke of 3% to 5%, and this condition can account for approximately 50% of thromboembolic strokes. Other types of heart disease, including dilated cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease (e.g., mitral valve prolapse, endocarditis, and prosthetic valves), and congenital heart disease (e.g., patent foramen ovale, atrial septal defect, atrial septal aneurysm) also increase the risk of thromboembolic stroke. It is estimated that about 20% of ischemic strokes are cardiogenic embolisms. Studies have shown that up to 40% of cryptogenic strokes are associated with an underlying source of cardiac emboli. Stroke occurs in only 0.8% of people in the near future after an acute myocardial infarction, and about 10% of these patients with myocardial infarction will have an ischemic stroke within 6 years. In the primary prevention of ischemic stroke, health education for high risk groups such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia is a meaningful preventive measure for rehabilitation. Stroke prevention education is a very important part of the prevention of ischemic stroke. It aims to prevent stroke, promote health and improve the quality of life by educating healthy people to develop good health behaviors and lifestyles, and eliminate or reduce risk factors that affect the health of high-risk groups. Life regimen includes physical exercise, moderate weight loss, reasonable diet, and changing bad habits: ① Regular physical activity has clear benefits in reducing the risk of premature death and cardiovascular disease. Epidemiological studies have shown that exercise has beneficial effects on several other important risk factors for stroke and may reduce the risk of stroke. (ii) There is growing evidence that weight gain can increase the risk of stroke in a dose-effect manner. Weight loss may reduce the chance of stroke. (③Eating more fresh fruits and vegetables, a low-fat, low-sugar, appropriately high-protein diet, lowering salt intake, limiting alcohol and not smoking may reduce the risk of first stroke. Some studies have shown that improving lifestyle habits can reduce the risk of stroke by 38%. With the aging of our population, the incidence of stroke will increase. Therefore, primary prevention of stroke is a complex and long-term project. We should make better use of the characteristics of Chinese medicine to control ischemic stroke by combining Chinese and Western medicine in order to prevent the occurrence of ischemic stroke before the disease and prevent the change of the disease. Long-term effective adherence will bring new opportunities for stroke prevention.