Malignant melanoma of the uvea (malignant melanoma of the uvea) is the most common type of malignant intraocular tumor in adults, accounting for the highest incidence of intraocular tumors in foreign countries, and the second most common intraocular tumor in China after retinoblastoma. This tumor has a high degree of malignancy, easily metastasized through blood flow, and is relatively common in adults, and is easily confused with many fundus diseases in clinical work. Therefore, it should be fully emphasized in ophthalmology clinical work. This disease is more common in patients above middle age. The posterior pole of the eye is the most common site, and the incidence of the disease decreases from the front. 1, choroidal malignant melanoma, early symptoms of visual distortion, small, central dark spot and refractive error (hyperopia continues to increase), is also an important clinical manifestation, enough to prove that there is a substantial subretinal mass in the continued growth. Marginal choroidal melanomas may be asymptomatic in the early stages, and retinal detachment is followed by a corresponding visual field defect. A unique aspect of superior limbal melanoma is the combination of a macular flattening retinal detachment early in the course of the disease. If the pupil is not dilated to view the peripheral fundus in detail, it is easy to misdiagnose. 2.Because choroidal melanoma mostly originates from the ciliary nerve, fundus lesions can be combined with pupil abnormality at the same time (the pupil of the corresponding part of the pupil is not reactive, not easy to be dilated, or not rounded), or there is a fan-shaped hypoesthesia area in the corresponding part of the cornea. 3. Scleritis caused by impaired blood reflux or local tumor necrosis, manifested as limited scleral congestion. There is granulation tissue proliferation inside and outside the sclera. 4.Ocular pain. The cause of pain can be caused by secondary glaucoma or tumor necrosis induced uveitis (uveitis or endophthalmitis), and a few of them are due to tumor infiltration or compression of ciliary ganglion. 5. Anterior chamber or vitreous hemorrhage caused by tumor necrosis. 6.Protrusion of the eyeball, caused by tumor spreading to the back of the globe. 7, Scleral transillumination test: it has greater use in differential diagnosis. In inflammatory lesions, macular discoid degeneration, choroidal metastatic carcinoma or choroidal hemangioma, all of them can be translucent; while in choroidal melanoma, it is usually not translucent. 8.B-type ultrasound diagnostic scanner: B-type ultrasound examination has important reference value, and it is more helpful in cases of refractive media turbidity. The tumor shows smooth mushroom-like protrusion; there is an echo-negative area (acoustic shadow) behind the tumor ultrasound, and choroidal depression. 9.Fluorescence fundus angiography (1) Double circulation of retinal vessels and tumor vessels at the same time. (2) Early non-fluorescence, late fluorescence increases, showing a mottled pattern of mixed high and low fluorescence. 10.Positive isotope 32 phosphorus absorption test. 11, CT, phosphorus resonance examination is also helpful for diagnosis.