This is my clinical work in the encounter of children’s parents asked the most questions, parents heard that their children have to go on general anesthesia is very nervous, worried that anesthesia drugs will be harmful to the child’s brain, affecting the child’s intellectual development. The following pediatric anesthesia related knowledge to all parents: general anesthesia and local anesthesia, what is the difference? Now pediatric surgery, general anesthesia accounted for an increasing proportion, and the more large specialized hospitals, the higher the rate of general anesthesia, this is because local anesthesia involves blood vessels, nerves, and even spinal cord damage may be, but local anesthesia is subject to surgical site, the operating time of the limitations of the child’s sensory, motor recovery may take some time after the operation, which may make the child fear, anxiety, and so on. Moreover, even local anesthesia should be given to the intravenous basic anesthesia, in layman’s terms, is to let the child sleep, mainly to give sedative drugs, and now the use of sedative drugs and general anesthesia are basically the same. So from the drug, local anesthesia and general anesthesia are to use some of the same drugs. General anesthesia than local anesthesia also use more analgesics and muscle relaxants, these drugs also have no clear research to prove that the child’s brain will have an impact. Yang Zhendong, Department of Anesthesiology, Jinan Children’s Hospital What are the circumstances under which a child will become “stupid”? First of all, we need to understand the cause of “stupid”, the main reason is hypoxia, the brain can tolerate hypoxia time for 5-8 minutes, pediatric time is even shorter, more than this time, the brain tissue will be irreversible damage, which will bring a series of motor, intelligence, language and other developmental problems, that is, ” become stupid”. Therefore, as long as the child does not suffer from prolonged hypoxia during the operation, he or she will not become “stupid”. What are the causes of hypoxia: inflammation (severe encephalitis), shock, respiratory arrest, aspiration (the child’s preoperative fasting time is not enough), the child’s long-term hypoxia (pre-coronary heart disease). Current research progress: Since anesthesia drugs only work temporarily on the child’s nerves, the neurological function will return to normal after anesthesia. At present, there are no institutions or data in the world that show that the child’s nervous system will return to normal after anesthesia. Under regular anesthesia operation, the child’s intelligence is directly related to anesthesia. Of course, there is no evidence that anesthetics have no effect at all on the pediatric nervous system, and current research has focused on young primates, which is still inconclusive. In conclusion: as an anesthesiologist will carefully prepare before the operation, to understand the child’s condition and past history, at this time also need the parents to actively cooperate, tell the child’s situation, to develop a good anesthetic plan and selection of anesthetic drugs; standardized operation and careful care, as well as the handling of emergencies is a guarantee of the safety of the child, so parents do not have to worry about the impact of the child’s intelligence and refused to anesthesia.