There are certain differences between viral and bacterial infections and therefore different treatment modalities.
The pathogens are different: in viral infections the pathogen is a virus, whereas in bacterial infections the pathogen is a bacterium.
The blood results are different: viral infections do not necessarily have elevated white blood cells and an increased percentage of lymphocytes, while bacterial infections generally have elevated blood white blood cells and an increased percentage of neutrophils; clinical diagnosis is made by testing for virus-specific antigens, antibodies or viral nucleic acids, while bacterial infections can mostly be found by blood culture.
Treatment differs: viral infections are mainly treated with antiviral drugs, including nucleoside analogues, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, etc., whereas bacterial infections are mainly treated with antibacterial drugs, such as cephalosporin antibiotics, aminoglycosides, etc.