Popliteal cysts do not heal on their own and require aggressive treatment to cure. Popliteal cysts are caused by the expansion of the bursa of the gastrocnemius and semimembranosus muscles on the inner side of the popliteal fossa due to chronic injuries, osteoarthritis, meniscus injuries, and so on, and they form a rounded swelling on the back side of the knee joint. Popliteal cysts are not self-healing and require treatment to heal. Clinically, for asymptomatic patients, no treatment can be done. For symptomatic patients, after examination and clarification, surgical treatment can be chosen under the guidance of physicians to remove the cyst. After the removal of the cyst, moderate rehabilitation training should be carried out under the guidance of the physician to avoid affecting the mobility of the joint. After recovery, overwork of the knee joint can be avoided to avoid aggravating the injury and affecting the patient’s prognosis.