Treatment of acute renal failure in a 5-year-old child includes treating the primary cause, general treatment, controlling water and sodium intake, correcting metabolic acidosis, correcting electrolyte disorders, and dialysis treatment.
1. Treatment of primary causes: including pre-renal causes: hemodynamic abnormalities should be corrected, such as controlling infections, transfusing plasma albumin, and rehydrating fluids. If there are renal causes, exposure to nephrotoxic substances should be avoided. If there are postrenal causes, the obstruction should be relieved in time.
2. General treatment: food rich in vitamins, low protein and high sugar should be consumed, and high quality animal protein should be chosen.
3. Control the intake of water and sodium: strictly limit the intake of water and sodium, may use medullary diuretic furosemide for a short period of time, and regularly monitor the renal function and electrolyte condition.
4. Correct metabolic acidosis and electrolyte disorders: due to the decrease of urine production after renal failure, acidosis and water-salt-electrolyte disorders are easy to occur, and should be corrected by regular monitoring when necessary.
5. Dialysis treatment: Anyone who is ineffective in the above conservative treatment should undergo dialysis as early as possible. The methods of dialysis include peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis and continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration.
When acute renal failure occurs in children, parents should go to the hospital in time and standardize the treatment under the guidance of doctors.