The best treatment for microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma is surgical resection, and those who are unable to undergo surgery can consider intervention, targeted therapy, or even intervention combined with targeted therapy. Hepatocellular carcinoma is a relatively common malignant tumor in clinic. Its treatment is mainly related to the specific clinical stage and the patient’s own condition. Microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma refers to the emergence of cancer cell nesting clusters in microvessels found in postoperative pathological samples, and the emergence of such nesting clusters predicts an earlier and higher recurrence rate, so postoperative adjuvant therapy is needed. Currently, the adjuvant treatment with clear efficacy is postoperative adjuvant interventional therapy (e.g., TACE, etc.), and the efficacy of the rest, such as targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or the combination of the two, is unclear; relevant large-sample clinical trials are underway, and the results of the small-sample study suggest that it may be effective. If liver cancer is suspected or diagnosed, it is recommended to go to regular hospitals to evaluate the condition and follow the doctor’s instructions for treatment to avoid delay.