After systematic conservative treatment for herniated discs has failed, surgery becomes the only option if symptoms persist without relief. Depending on the patient’s age and condition, the choice of surgery varies. Many patients may be undergoing surgery for the first time or undergoing spinal surgery for the first time and are basically ignorant of post-operative rehabilitation, so how to perform rehabilitation exercises after surgery becomes the patient’s top priority after surgery. In the first week after surgery, limb exercises can be performed, such as flexion and extension of the upper extremity, flexion and extension of the lower extremity and straight leg raising exercises to straighten the lower extremity, which can avoid deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremity that can easily occur after prolonged bed rest, as well as avoiding postoperative nerve root adhesions, improving the success rate of surgery and reducing discomfort in the lower extremity due to postoperative nerve root adhesions. In addition, left and right axial position turning on the side can be performed to avoid the occurrence of local ischemic necrosis of the incision and the occurrence of decubitus ulcers in the sacrococcygeal area caused by prolonged supine position. If there is a drainage tube in the incision, avoid pulling the drainage tube when turning. In the second week after surgery, you can strengthen the exercise of the extremities and increase the number and height of active straight leg raising of the lower extremities. Under the guidance of the doctor you can train to get up on your side, first sit and stand with eyes closed at the bedside, sometimes you will feel dizzy, you can try to open your eyes and recognize things, if you feel OK, you can stand with the help of the doctor or family members. If the surgery is only a simple open pulpotomy, exercise walking under the protection of wearing a lumbar brace. If there are many surgical segments and internal fixation fusion is performed, exercise can be performed wearing a rigid lumbar brace (able to last 20 minutes postoperatively after taking a molded custom-made lumbar brace). Each exercise session should be gradual, starting with 5 minutes, but avoiding bending and picking up heavy objects. If life requires bending movements. For example, tying shoelaces, you can take the action of bending the knees and hips instead of bending the waist. Whether sitting or standing, keep your chest and abdomen straight and avoid a chest and back arching posture. After the incision has healed, you can adopt a prone position for functional exercise of the back muscles. Or supine position, head, both elbows, both feet five-point support, abdominal lifting off the bed action, the same can be carried out muscle functional exercise.