Ear fistula, also known as preauricular fistula, is a congenital condition. When infection occurs, it can be treated with local or systemic medication and surgical removal. The disease is caused by dysplasia of the 1st and 2nd gill arches or incomplete closure of the 1st gill groove during embryonic life. The subcutaneous tubes appear to be bifurcated like branches, and the vast majority of them are connected to the cartilage of the ear cartilage, which is red, swollen, and painful when infected. Acute inflammatory episodes are mostly treated with medication, and active surgical treatment is recommended after infection control. 1. Medication: Cephalosporin and penicillin antibiotics can be used systemically under doctor’s advice, while local anti-inflammatory pain relief, such as erythromycin ointment, fusidic acid, mupirocin ointment and other topical applications. 2. Surgical treatment: If the infection forms an abscess, you can first incise and drain the abscess after it matures to release the pus. After the inflammation has completely subsided, then the preauricular fistula resection is performed to remove the fistula in the ear, which can avoid the recurrence of the situation. After the onset of this disease, it is recommended to consult a doctor in time, according to their actual situation, choose the appropriate treatment method, in order to be able to better cure the disease.