Middle esophageal Ca means cancer of the middle esophagus. In clinical practice, doctors use Ca instead of the Chinese symbol for cancer to protect the privacy of patients. The treatment of middle esophageal cancer mainly depends on the depth of esophageal invasion and the metastasis of lymph nodes around the esophagus. Treatment can be done by surgery or by radiotherapy plus chemotherapy. In addition, it depends on whether there is distant metastasis or not. If there is distant metastasis that cannot be removed by radical surgery, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy and other treatments can be adopted to reduce tumor load, inhibit tumor progression and prolong patient’s survival time. If there is obvious obstructive stenosis, stenting can be performed followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy.