Renal stem cell repair usually refers to the transplantation of stem cells to repair the kidney, which has a positive effect on the repair and reconstruction of the injured kidney, but its treatment is still immature and in the stage of clinical trials. The use of stem cell transplantation for kidney repair is mainly because stem cells can be directly differentiated into glomerular endothelial cells, renal stem cells, as well as tubular epithelial cells and glomerular thylakoid cells, etc., so as to promote the repair of renal injury, which has the characteristics of good prognosis, fewer adverse reactions and less renal damage. Renal stem cell transplantation therapy has certain efficacy, but it is not practically applied to the clinic at present and should be treated with caution. If the patient has kidney function damage, it is recommended to go to the regular hospital in time, and standardize the treatment under the guidance of the doctor.