Congenital hypothyroidism in newborns should be promptly consulted and targeted treatment should be carried out under the guidance of doctors, and the main treatment method is medication. Congenital hypothyroidism is a disease of thyroid insufficiency due to congenital factors, resulting in decreased secretion of thyroxine. Pathogenesis includes ectopic thyroid, thyroid deficiency or thyroxine anabolism disorder. Since thyroxine is a very important hormone for human growth and development, children with this disease may suffer from mental retardation, short stature and other serious consequences. Therefore, it needs to be treated with medication, and at present, levothyroxine is mainly used to replenish the missing thyroxine in the children, so as to promote the growth and development of the children. For newborns with congenital hypothyroidism, early diagnosis and treatment are essential. The earlier the treatment, the lower the probability of sequelae and the better the prognosis. It is recommended that treatment be carried out under the guidance of neonatologists, and parents should not blindly use medication on their own to avoid delaying the condition or triggering adverse reactions.