The normal voiding activity is participated by the spinal reflex center and sympathetic, parasympathetic, and somatic nerves. Damage to the central nervous system or peripheral nerves that control voiding function and cause vesicourethral dysfunction is called neurogenic bladder. There are two categories according to the function of the detrusor muscle: (i) hyperreflexia of the detrusor muscle; and (ii) absence of reflexes of the detrusor muscle. Neurogenic vesicourethral dysfunction is a group of dysfunctional disorders of the bladder and/or urethra caused by neuropathy or damage, often accompanied by a coordinated malfunction of the vesicourethra. Neurogenic vesicourethral dysfunction produces complex voiding symptoms, with dyspareunia or urinary retention being one of the most common symptoms. The resulting induced urinary complications are the main cause of death in patients. What are the symptoms that are easily associated with structural and functional damage to the upper urinary tract? 1, prostatic hyperplasia Occurs in men over 50 years of age, with difficulty in urination, urinary retention, and in severe cases, causing dilated hydronephrosis of the kidneys and ureters. Rectal palpation, cystoscopy and cystography can make a clear diagnosis. 2.Bladder neck obstruction Women with difficulty in urination and urinary retention, normal sensation in the perianal skin and perineum, can be identified by cystoscopy or urodynamics examination. 3, congenital urethral valves Most often seen in children with urinary difficulties and urinary retention. Urethroscopy or urethrography can be identified. 4, female stress urinary incontinence Normal function of the forced urinary muscle, reduced urethral resistance, positive bladder neck elevation test, disappearance of the posterior angle of the vesicourethra as seen on cystourethrography, and reduced position of the bladder neck. 5. Urethral stricture Can be congenital or acquired, with difficulty in urination as the main manifestation. There are obvious stenotic segments on urethral probe examination, and urethrography can make a clear diagnosis. 6.Bladder neck obstruction Difficulty in urination is mostly accompanied by painful urination, and interruption of urine flow can occur suddenly during urination. Strong echogenicity can be seen on ultrasonography. Opaque shadows are seen on plain radiographs of the bladder area. Cystoscopy can clarify the size and number of stones. 7.Bladder cancer Tumors with tips located near the bladder neck and triangle can cause difficulty in urination and urinary retention due to blockage of the internal orifice of the urethra. Cystoscopy can directly clarify the location, size and number of tumor, and biopsy can be taken at the same time.