Spermatozoa are produced by the testes and go to the epididymis for storage, where they pass through the seminal tract when mature, and together with the seminal plasma, they make up the seminal fluid. The seminal tract includes the output tubules of the testes, the epididymal duct, the vas deferens and the urethra. Azoospermia refers to the fact that after the ejaculated semen is centrifuged and precipitated, the “seeds” – spermatozoa – cannot be seen by microscopic examination. There are two reasons for the absence of sperm in semen: first, there is no sperm production at all; second, even if there is sperm production, if there is a “pipe blockage”, still can not be ejected with semen. Specifically, there are mainly the following reasons: testicular factor generation disorder congenital absence of testicles, testicular dysplasia or testicular dysplasia, the more common of which is cryptorchidism, normal fetal development to 8 months when the testicles should enter the scrotum, if not into the scrotum is called cryptorchidism. If there is bilateral cryptorchidism, especially high cryptorchidism, or one side of cryptorchidism and the other testicle also have lesions, then azoospermia may occur. Testicular infection Bilateral testicular infections, including viral mumps complicated by bilateral testicular infections, especially before puberty, lead to azoospermia. Testicular blood circulation disorders Such as surgery, trauma, and inflammation of the scrotum and groin, causing impaired blood supply to the testes, resulting in low spermatogenic function of the testes. Long-term irradiation by radiation destroys the varicocele and causes testicular atrophy According to statistics, azoospermia occurs after 7 weeks of irradiation of 100-600 rads at a time; stop irradiation and sperm will start to recover only after 5 months. Drugs and chemical substances Certain drugs can affect the spermatogenesis of the testes when applied for a long time or in excessive amounts, such as Marilan (Baixian) for the treatment of chronic granulocytic leukemia; azadirachtin benzoate (Liukoran) for the treatment of Hodgkin’s disease; cyclophosphamide (Androsyn) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, nephrotic syndrome and glomerulonephritis; colchicine (Colchicine) for the treatment of gout; phenytoin sodium (Darentine) for the treatment of epilepsy. Darentin), etc. Chronic alcoholism, as well as long-term exposure to chemicals such as arsenic, aluminum, benzene, and amines, can affect the spermatogenesis of the testes. Varicocele This disease can cause an increase in the local temperature of the testes, testicular venous reflux obstruction, reduce the oxygen supply to the testes, as well as obstruct the excretion of toxic substances, inhibit the endocrine function of the testes, interfere with the normal metabolism of the testes, and eventually lead to testicular spermatogenesis disorders. Vas deferens obstruction Normal testicular sperm production is a prerequisite; however, this condition alone is not enough, but also needs to be “pipeline smooth”. If you want to have sperm, you have to cure the disease, and if you want to have good sperm, you have to take care of it, one step at a time, to cater for a better future, move.