Foot swelling may be caused by physiological factors such as maintaining a posture for a long time, or it may be caused by pathological factors such as ankle joint lesions, vascular lesions, low-protein edema, glomerulonephritis, cardiac insufficiency and so on.
1. Physiological factors: prolonged sitting, squatting, etc. will hinder the lower limb blood circulation is impeded, the feeling of foot distension, usually in the upright activity after the relief.
2. Pathological factors
(1) Ankle joint lesions: including degenerative diseases, gouty arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. Inflammatory factors accumulate in the foot or ankle joints, causing swelling, pain and high skin temperature.
(2) Vascular lesions: Varicose veins or venous thrombosis can obstruct blood flow in the lower limbs, and elevated venous pressure causes fluid accumulation in the tissues, which is often manifested as swelling of the feet.
(3) Low-protein edema: generally caused by renal or hepatic diseases leading to a decrease in plasma proteins and a decrease in plasma osmotic pressure, so that the body water is accumulated in the interstitial space of the tissues, and depressed edema of the feet and lower limbs occurs, and in severe cases, abdominal swelling and shock may occur.
(4) Glomerulonephritis: impaired renal function causes an imbalance in the regulation of sodium and water in the body, resulting in edema of the lower limbs, eyelids, and many other parts of the body, accompanied by proteinuria, lumbago, and other symptoms.
(5) Cardiac insufficiency: when the heart function decreases, the blood flow to the lower limbs is difficult to return to the heart, which is typically manifested as swelling of both lower limbs.
There are many other causes of foot swelling, if foot swelling is accompanied by pain, lower extremity edema, etc., it is recommended to go to the hospital as soon as possible.