Common causes of pediatric convulsions include infectious etiologies and non-infectious etiologies. 1. Infectious causes: including febrile convulsions and purulent meningitis. (1) Febrile convulsions: mostly manifested as episodes of convulsions caused by fever, with a short duration and no organic changes in the brain. (2) Purulent meningitis: meningeal inflammation caused by a variety of purulent bacteria, manifested by acute fever, convulsions, impaired consciousness, signs of meningeal irritation and cerebrospinal fluid changes. 2. Non-infectious causes: including vitamin D deficiency tetany and ischemic-hypoxic encephalopathy. (1) Vitamin D deficiency tetany: lowering of blood calcium causes increased neuromuscular excitability and convulsions. (2) Ischemic-hypoxic encephalopathy: mostly seen in perinatal asphyxiated fetuses, manifested by brain damage caused by hypoxia. Convulsions may be present. In order to clarify the specific cause of the disease, timely consultation should be made and treatment should be carried out under the guidance of doctors.