Children with colds and fevers, i.e. upper respiratory tract infections and fever, can be differentiated from viral and bacterial infections in terms of clinical manifestations, pathogens, and medications. 1. Clinical manifestations: viral infections caused by colds and fever, the patient is mostly low fever, may have nasal congestion, sore throat, clear-colored nasal discharge and other symptoms. The fever caused by bacterial infection is usually acute and rapid, with fever, chills, headache, yellow pus and sputum, often suggesting bacterial infection. 2. Pathogens: viral infections caused by cold and fever, common influenza virus, coxsackie virus, etc., while bacterial infections are mainly due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and other causes. 3. Medications: Fever caused by viral infections is self-limiting and less severe without medication. If it is caused by influenza virus, it can be treated with antiviral medications such as oseltamivir. And bacterial infection caused by fever, white blood cells can be elevated, need to follow the doctor’s advice to take amoxicillin, cefuroxime and other antibiotics for treatment. Children with colds and fevers should be treated appropriately under the guidance of a doctor. During the treatment period, the child should pay attention to rest, more monitoring of body temperature, drink more water, light diet.