Most clinical applications of bone cement are due to prosthetic replacements or vertebral compression fractures, where the cement is injected into the medullary cavity to fix the prosthesis. Before injecting the bone cement, it is usually necessary to elevate the pressure to reduce the hypotension and arrhythmia caused by injecting the bone cement. Most of the options are hydroxyethyl starch augmentation and dopamine injection to prevent hypotension caused by the bone cement. The possibility of fat embolism may also occur after injection into the medullary cavity, and it is important to review the ultrasound of both lower extremities for fat embolism to prevent its occurrence. For vertebral compression fractures, injection of bone cement may lead to leakage of bone cement and burn to the dural sac or nerve roots. Bone cement may also create new compression of the dural sac at a later stage if it is said to be solidified.