Gynecologic ultrasound can detect diseases of the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina and vulva and is an irreplaceable part of a routine gynecologic physical examination. There are several methods of gynecologic ultrasound, commonly transabdominal ultrasound and transvaginal ultrasound. Transabdominal ultrasound is commonly used for non-sexual women, and transperineal ultrasound or transrectal ultrasound can be used in special cases, making gynecologic ultrasound a major part of women’s health screening. For women, gynecologic ultrasound has unique advantages over other imaging examinations. Gynecologic ultrasound can probe the uterus and both adnexa, and play an important role in aiding the diagnosis of common gynecologic diseases, such as uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, uterine cavity occupancy, genital tract abnormalities, adnexal masses, and uterine and ovarian cysts, and tubal malignancies, etc. It can also assist in tubal lavage, help determine tubal function, monitor follicular development and ovulation, and help assist fertility in infertility patients. It can also observe the structure and function of pelvic floor tissues and organs, and has important clinical value for the diagnosis and treatment of pelvic floor dysfunctional diseases. When these gynecological diseases are detected, they can also be treated under ultrasound guidance, such as sclerotherapy of chocolate cysts. However, ultrasound examination cannot diagnose all gynecological diseases. Doctors have to combine the patient’s symptoms, signs and laboratory test results in order to make an objective diagnosis of gynecological diseases and propose reasonable treatment measures.