The top ten misconceptions about medication for infants and children Medicine is a cure, but it can also lead to disease, especially in children in the process of development, the wrong medication may incur serious consequences. A. Abuse of antipyretic drugs Fever is a necessary protection mechanism of the body. Some young mothers think that their children will get better once they have a fever and take antipyretic drugs. Therefore, they do not move to give their children to eat antipyretic drugs. In fact, this can easily create a false impression, masking the symptoms and making it difficult to diagnose the disease. The general body temperature of a healthy person is about 37℃, higher than 37℃ is fever. Young children’s brains are not yet well developed and their thermoregulatory centers are weak, therefore, children become feverish when they are sick, while other symptoms are not obvious, such as colds, measles, pneumonia, local infections, drug reactions, rheumatic fever, etc. Fever becomes a signal that the child is ill. Therefore, fever is an important sign for the diagnosis of disease, and if it is suppressed by antipyretic drugs as soon as the fever comes up, it often masks the condition and makes the diagnosis difficult, and is even diagnosed only when the disease is critical. In addition, some antipyretic drugs, such as aspirin affects pediatric coagulation mechanisms, leading to bleeding in the skin, lungs, brain and other organs; another example is finasteride can make the newborn’s blood low hemoglobin into high hemoglobin, so that the ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen is reduced, leading to tissue hypoxia, and in serious cases can also cause brain edema, convulsions, coma, etc.. Therefore, moving to give antipyretic drugs is not good for the health of children. The cause of fever in children should be identified and then treated symptomatically or etiologically. If the child’s body temperature does not exceed 38°C, antipyretics are generally not needed, and close observation is sufficient in the treatment. Of course, a high temperature in children, such as 39℃ or above, can seriously affect the child’s health, and convulsions and seizures can occur. In this case, on the basis of active treatment available antipyretic drugs, while using physical cooling methods, such as antipyretic patches, ice bags to calm the head. Second, the abuse of antibiotics Epidemiological surveys have proven that more than 90% of upper respiratory tract infections are caused by viral infections. Therefore, the routine application of antimicrobials in upper respiratory tract infections is inappropriate, and it also causes the threat of pathogens becoming resistant to antimicrobials and their adverse reactions, as well as the waste of drugs. Do not use chloramphenicol and streptomycin for whatever reason as soon as your child becomes ill. If antibiotics such as streptomycin, neomycin, gentamicin, and kanamycin are used for a long time, they can affect the auditory nerve, causing vertigo, tinnitus, and even deafness. The use of chloramphenicol may cause aplastic anemia. children within 8 years old, especially newborns, taking tetracycline and oxytetracycline may easily cause yellowing of teeth and poor development of tooth enamel, so tetracycline and oxytetracycline are not used for pediatric patients. Third, a disease more than one drug Children suffering from a disease, parents often a variety of drugs go hand in hand. I do not know, the drug is too mixed, the role of each other can be offset, but the toxic reactions are added, not only the efficacy, and will appear adverse reactions. For example, the combination of sulfonamide and Vc can aggravate renal toxicity; penicillin and aspirin together can reduce the antibacterial efficacy of penicillin. As for penicillin, chloramphenicol, sulfa drugs together, or penicillin, cephalosporin and gentamicin as a combination, the same risk. The phenomenon of giving children tonic medicine is common nowadays. The parents’ original intention is to enhance the child’s physical fitness and promote its development, but due to the lack of medical knowledge, the results are contrary to their wishes and make up for the problems. One doctor reported that nine infants and children had neurological symptoms after taking ginseng, and another child had a seizure and coma after taking a large dose of ginseng, which eventually killed him. It is recommended that healthy children should preferably not take supplements, and frail children over 5 years old can take them at their own discretion, but they should do so under the guidance of a doctor, and parents should not take them at their own initiative to prevent accidents. Fifth, abuse of vitamins Vitamins do play an important role in the growth and development of children, but not blindly think that more is better. Many medicinal vitamins have certain adverse effects and even toxic reactions, especially fat-soluble vitamins, too much or too long may cause accumulation in the body and poisoning. For example, cod liver oil (containing Va and Vd) can cause fever, anorexia, irritability, and impaired liver and kidney function if taken in excess. Although water-soluble vitamins are safer, they should not be neglected. For example, too much Vc can cause urinary tract stones and brittle bone disease. For this reason, the best choice should be natural vitamins from food. Six, abuse of gammaglobulin winter and spring season susceptible to colds, some parents put their hopes on the prevention of “gammaglobulin”, is this reliable? “C globulin” is made from mixed healthy human plasma and contains mainly immunoglobulin G (abbreviated as IgG). Theoretically, the concentration of IgG in the blood is related to the body’s ability to resist infection to a certain extent, but the injection of “C ball” does not reduce the incidence of colds. The crux of the problem is two things: First, the pathogens of colds are mainly viruses, which are diverse and often change, and the antibodies contained in “C-ball” are not only limited but also lack specificity; second, the blood IgG levels of healthy children and most frail children are normal. Therefore, the key to reduce children suffering from colds should start from enhancing physical fitness, specific measures should be from adhering to breastfeeding, reasonable arrangement of recipes, adhere to the “three baths” exercise (sun bath, air bath and water bath) from a young age, on time for vaccination, etc., never rely on “C ball”. Seven, herbal safety Generally speaking, the safety of herbal medicine is greater than that of Western medicine. But only relatively speaking, if taken casually can also lead to damage to the health of infants and children. According to domestic medical journals, Chinese herbal medicines such as Xia Ku Cao, Chrysanthemum, Gardenia, Fishy Herb, Temperate Bamboo Leaf, Rutabaga, and Raw Earth contain tannin, alkaloids, volatile oils, glycosides, and inorganic salts, which may aggravate the liver burden of infants and children and damage liver function; Six Gods Pills contain toadstool, which may cause nausea, vomiting, convulsions, and other symptoms; Pearl Pills contain vermilion, which may induce swollen gums, sore throat, memory loss, euphoria and insomnia, and other discomfort, The pearl pill contains vermilion, which may induce swelling of the gums, sore throat, memory loss, excitement and insomnia and other discomforts; Niuhuang detoxification tablets for a long time can lead to leukopenia. Therefore, herbal medicines should not be abused. Eight, a small disease expensive drugs children suffering from disease, parents can not wait to get rid of the disease, so often with new drugs, expensive drugs. For example, if you have a cold and fever, you can get antibiotics at any time, and you can use Pioneer-Mycin if you think penicillin is too old. And then, such as diarrhea, without asking questions, pyrimethamine, haloperidol swarmed on. In fact, the cold and fever are mostly caused by viruses, there is its natural course, antibiotics are ineffective, not only can not change the situation, but also cause drug resistance, once later really suffer from a serious infection instead of using the spirit; diarrhea is the same, 70% of water diarrhea-like stool for viruses and toxic coliform bacteria, just drink more water, adjust the diet, appropriate to take some digestive enzymes and B vitamins can be solved. The solution, no need to use antibacterial drugs. Antibacterial drugs can also kill the beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract, resulting in dysbiosis of the intestinal flora, mold take advantage of the opportunity to flourish, medically known as a double infection, the treatment is also quite troublesome. Nine, children with adult drugs Quite a few parents do not know the way to use drugs, do not understand the differences between children and adults, mistakenly believe that as long as the dosage is reduced a little on the line, this practice is very harmful. It must be clear that children and adults are not only different in weight, but also have many physiological and pathological differences, especially in children with imperfectly developed liver, kidneys and other organs, and the enzyme system has not been established. Drug metabolism produces unresponsiveness, which can be disabling or even fatal in severe cases. For example, tetracycline can affect the growth of children’s bones, and make the teeth yellow, the formation of “tetracycline teeth”, so children under 8 years old can not use; antibacterial fluoroquinolone can cause joint lesions, preventing the normal development of cartilage, minors under 18 years old are not allowed to use. The common antipyretic painkillers contain finasteride, which can easily change pediatric hemoglobin into methemoglobin, reducing oxygen-carrying capacity and causing systemic tissue and organ hypoxia; analgesic and painkiller tablets contain aminopyrine, which can cause rapid decline in the number of pediatric white blood cells, with the risk of fatalities; cold pass contains diclofenac, which inhibits platelet agglutination and can damage liver function, all of which are prohibited. Ten, sugar water to take medicine Chinese medicine taste bitter, children do not want to take, parents will use sugar water to correct the taste. The actual fact that there are more calcium, iron and other mineral elements in the sugar can react chemically with the proteins in the Chinese medicine, and coagulate and denature in the gastric juice, and then cloudy precipitation, resulting in a major loss of efficacy. Some drugs are precisely bitter to stimulate the secretion of digestive juices and play a therapeutic role, if you add sugar to the medicine, the effect is not good. In addition, sugar can also interfere with the absorption of trace elements and vitamins, inhibit the role of certain antipyretic drugs, and degrade the active ingredients of certain drugs. In short, sugar water is not conducive to cure, it is best to take it with plain water. Yogurt should not be taken with certain drugs; antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, erythromycin, sulfonamides and astringents for the treatment of diarrhea, such as hypochlorite and tannic acid eggs, can kill or destroy the lactic acid bacteria in yogurt.