Emphysema is very closely related to smoking, and long-term smoking is prone to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic pulmonary fibrosis, and even lung cancer. A single cigarette of tobacco contains four thousand harmful substances and more than six hundred carcinogenic substances. Long-term smoking leads to decreased lung function, loss of cilia oscillation, bronchial endothelial damage, and even increased sputum, which aggravates the manifestations of emphysema. Emphysema manifests as heart tiredness and shortness of breath after activity. Pulmonary function tests can indicate ventilation and ventilation dysfunction, and blood gas analysis tests can provide information on oxygen saturation and carbon dioxide retention. Patients with emphysema who smoke need to quit smoking as soon as possible; the sooner they quit smoking, the stronger the protective effect on lung function. Combined with home oxygen therapy and outdoor exercise, it can effectively prolong life and avoid various complications such as respiratory failure and heart failure in the early stage, especially when lung cancer occurs, which is incurable and brings significant losses to families and individuals.