What accidental injuries in life can cause a herniated disc? How can middle-aged, elderly and young people prevent it? The lumbar disc, as a tissue of the body, degenerates as a person ages, just like any other tissue. Studies have shown that after the age of 20, the lumbar disc begins to show signs of degeneration. This degeneration as the cause of the disease for a long time, and if there is an accidental injury to the lumbar area, it will certainly accelerate the process to varying degrees, which will cause the lumbar disc to herniate and cause the disease. Likewise, as an inevitable factor, lumbar disc herniation in the elderly is bound to exist to a greater or lesser extent, but whether it will be caused solely by it triggering symptoms and whether there is degeneration of small joints of the lumbar spine, etc., is something that doctors often have to analyze when dealing with elderly patients. In life, there are many accidental injuries, such as careless sudden turning, bending, lifting heavy objects, or heavy direct blows, car accidents, etc., which may cause herniated lumbar discs. As a result, active prevention is worth advocating for both middle-aged and old people. Firstly, trauma should be avoided as much as possible. Secondly, physical exercise should be actively pursued to slow down the rate of lumbar disc degeneration. For patients who have already occurred, and alleviated or even cured, functional exercise of the lumbar back muscles can enhance muscle strength and increase the stability of the spine for the purpose of prevention and treatment. There are many ways to exercise the lumbar back muscles, and the medical treatment mostly uses methods such as the swallow-fly pose. Is there a direct correlation between lumbar disc herniation and leg pain, and what are the common symptoms of lumbar disc herniation? Lumbar disc herniation, referred to as “lumbar protrusion”, is a common clinical disorder of low back and leg pain. As the name implies, lumbar disc herniation is a condition that causes back and leg pain due to a herniated lumbar intervertebral disc. Medically, the intervertebral disc is composed of the central nucleus pulposus and the surrounding fibrous ring, which is sandwiched in the middle of the human vertebrae, just like a sandwich sandwich. The disease occurs when the nucleus pulposus, the heart of the sandwich, is squeezed out, and the extruded nucleus compresses and irritates the nerves that innervate the leg, causing leg pain. The main symptom of lumbar disc herniation is low back pain with radiating pain in the lower extremities, which is sometimes aggravated by coughing, sneezing and defecation. The lumbar region may have different degrees of lateral curvature, and the physiological foreshortening is reduced, flattened or even disappears. There may be abnormal skin sensation in the lower legs and feet. This, combined with clinical and radiological examination, usually leads to a diagnosis. In addition, please note that there are many diseases that can cause leg pain. If you do not have a history of lumbar synostosis and have sudden onset of leg pain, it may not necessarily be this disease, and it is best to go to the orthopedic department of the hospital to determine after consultation. Inadvertent trauma, such as twisting the waist, may directly or indirectly cause lumbar disc herniation, how to pay attention to prevent similar flashback situations from occurring? The violence during twisting can injure the structure of the lumbar disc as an external cause, but there is a certain course of disease from causing the protrusion of the disc to causing symptoms. Sometimes, in special cases, the violence of the trauma is large enough to cause an acute herniation of the lumbar disc immediately. When acute lumbar sprains occur, the first thing to do is to rest in a hard bed and minimize lumbar activity for a short time. At home, you can also apply hot compresses to the injury. In severe cases, you can go to the hospital for consultation. For those who do not heal for a long time or even have lower extremity symptoms, you must go to the hospital in time to prevent delayed illness. Acute lumbar sprain, commonly known as “twisted waist” “flash waist”, usually due to excessive weight bearing, uncoordinated force, excessive forward flexion, back extension and direct blow caused by the waist. Therefore, in daily life, reduce the chance of bending (forward bending) weight, try to squat and lift heavy objects, and reduce other trauma to the waist, can greatly reduce the chance of lumbar sprain. What are the types of conservative treatment and the related knowledge of treatment mechanism? From a professional point of view, Chinese and Western medicine experts agree that regardless of the type of lumbar disc herniation, regular conservative treatment should be routinely used first for a period of observation, and only if it is not effective should the latter two options be considered. In fact, most patients’ symptoms can be reduced or subside with conservative treatment. There are many kinds of conservative treatment, such as massage, traction, physical therapy, acupuncture, drugs (including internal, external, intravenous administration), etc., which need to be applied under the guidance of professional doctors. In addition, patients are reminded that bed rest and functional exercise are also very important conservative treatment methods in clinical practice, which can be applied at home once they occur. Minimally invasive treatment is also a surgical method, and the current surgical treatment often mentioned by doctors in major hospitals generally refers to the traditional open surgery. Traction is a common method of conservative treatment for lumbar disc herniation. The main mechanism is to use traction to increase the tension of the lumbar intervertebral space and the posterior longitudinal ligament, thus reducing the pressure on the intervertebral disc, restoring the physiological equilibrium of the lumbar spine, and serving the therapeutic purpose of releasing adhesions, promoting the absorption of nerve root edema, and reducing the compression on adjacent nerve tissue. Traction is an option to be used, but under the guidance of a professional doctor, if there is discomfort, stop and use other methods. What is the mechanism of minimally invasive surgery surgery for lumbar disc herniation? Minimally invasive approach is a surgical treatment that has emerged in recent years, which can actually be understood as an effective surgery between non-surgical treatment and surgical incision treatment, and is a minimally invasive interventional technique for lumbar discs. At present, there are two main categories: one is percutaneous puncture techniques, including myelolysis, percutaneous disc removal, percutaneous laser discotomy, etc., and the other is endoscopy-assisted techniques, including discoscopic surgery, etc. They share the same principle with the traditional classical incisional surgery in general, mostly aiming at removing the herniated nucleus pulposus tissue, reducing the intervertebral pressure and relieving the pressure on the nerve roots, thus alleviating or relieving the pain. The former is done with the development of minimally invasive technology without basically destroying the normal anatomical structure, but it has its own disadvantages and indications. It should complement the traditional classical procedure and be selected according to the specific condition.