Cervical cancer, clinically known as cervical cancer, is the most common gynecologic malignancy with a high incidence at the age of 50-55 years. The etiology of cervical cancer is related to HPV (human papillomavirus infection), multiple sexual partners, smoking, early sexual life (<16 years old), sexually transmitted diseases, low economic status, oral contraceptives and immunosuppression. HPV (human papillomavirus) infection: There are more than 160 known HPV types, more than 40 of which are related to reproductive tract infection, 13-15 of which are closely related to the development of cervical cancer. HPV is divided into two types: low-risk (non-oncogenic) and high-risk (oncogenic), and infection with high-risk HPV carries the risk of cancer. Repeated, long-term, and persistent infections increase the risk of cancer. High-risk HPV infections have been found in nearly 99% of cervical cancer tissues, and about 70% of them are associated with HPV types 16 and 18. HPV preventive vaccination can achieve primary prevention of cervical cancer. 2. Sexual behavior and number of births: Multiple sexual partners, first sexual intercourse <16 years old, early childbirth and multiple births are associated with the occurrence of cervical cancer. Women who have sexual contact with men who have penile cancer, prostate cancer or whose sexual partners have had cervical cancer at high risk are also prone to cervical cancer. 3.Other: Smoking can increase the effect of HPV infection, and the use of barrier contraceptive methods such as condoms has a protective effect. Therefore, the development of cervical cancer is mainly closely related to the persistent infection of high-risk HPV; in addition, it is also related to early sexual life, multiple sexual partners, the number of deliveries, unclean sexual contact, etc.