Obesity type According to the distribution of fat in different parts of the body, obesity can be divided into two kinds of abdominal type obesity and hip type obesity. Abdominal type obesity is also called centripetal obesity (clinical standard name for central obesity), male type obesity, visceral type obesity, apple type obesity, such people’s fat is mainly deposited in the abdomen under the skin and in the abdominal cavity, and the extremities are relatively thin. Hip type obese person’s fat is mainly deposited in the buttocks and legs, also called non-centric obesity, female-type obesity or pear-shaped obesity. The risk of complications is much greater in abdominal obesity than in hip obesity. In addition, according to the different age of onset, obesity can be divided into young age onset type, adolescent onset type and adult onset type obesity. Weight loss method 1, change the lifestyle First of all, should control the diet, limit the total energy intake to 1000-1500kcal/day, reduce fat intake, fat intake should be 25%-35% of the total energy, diet rich in fruits and vegetables, dietary fiber; lean meat and vegetable protein as protein source. Weight loss diet should have sufficient high-quality protein, in addition to supplementing the necessary nutrients, but also the necessary vitamins, minerals and adequate water. You also need to change your eating habits, you need to chew and swallow slowly when you eat, this can slow down the absorption of nutrients and control energy intake. The goal of dietary control is to control weight loss at about 0.5 to 1 kg per month, and 7-8% weight loss in 6 months. It is best for obese patients to develop a strict diet plan under the guidance of a specialized dietitian. During exercise, the use of fatty acids and glucose by muscle tissue increases greatly, making excess sugar available only for energy supply and cannot be transformed into fat and stored. At the same time, as energy consumption increases, the stored adipose tissue is “mobilized” to burn for energy, and the fat cells in the body shrink, thus reducing the formation and accumulation of fat. Thus, the purpose of weight loss can be achieved. Weight loss exercise must emphasize the scientific, rational and individualized, according to their own characteristics to master the appropriate amount and degree of exercise. 2, drug treatment Currently there are two types of drugs commonly used to treat obesity: one is the central appetite suppressant: such drugs are also known as anorexic drugs, it is through the influence of neurotransmitter activity, reduce 5 hydroxytryptamine and norepinephrine reuptake, so as to reduce food intake, suppress appetite and improve the basal metabolic rate to reduce weight, such as sibutramine. There is also a type of lipase inhibitor that acts in the periphery: it achieves weight loss by blocking the absorption of some fats in the diet, such as orlistat, which inhibits gastric lipase and pancreas in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby reducing fat absorption by about 30%. Patients requiring drug treatment have a BMI greater than 30 kg/m2 without comorbidities or greater than 28 kg/m2 with other comorbidities. 3, surgical treatment control diet, exercise therapy or drug therapy, sometimes can not achieve the desired weight loss effect. Surgical treatment is the only means to make obesity patients obtain long-term and stable weight loss effect, gastrointestinal surgery not only can reduce weight, at the same time may improve or even cure obesity related to a variety of metabolic diseases, especially type 2 diabetes, treatment of severe obesity, prevent, slow down or even stop the development of obesity complications. Bariatric surgery first began in the 1950s, and after more than half a century of continuous exploration and research by surgeons, the procedure has been further improved and perfected. Depending on the principle of weight loss, bariatric surgery can be divided into three categories: (1) restrictive surgery; (2) malabsorptive surgery; and (3) laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), which both restricts gastric volume and causes malabsorption. The introduction of laparoscopic techniques into bariatric surgery in the 1980s has had a key impact on the development of bariatric surgery. In recent decade, with the maturity and development of clinical application of laparoscopic technology, laparoscopic surgery has become the standard surgical modality for the treatment of obesity. Compared with traditional open surgery, laparoscopic surgery has the advantages of minimally invasive, small surgical blow, fast recovery, short hospital stay and low perioperative risk. Currently, more than 200,000 bariatric surgeries are performed annually worldwide, and more than 1 million obese and diabetic patients in Europe and the United States have benefited from undergoing surgery, and bariatric surgery has become the most commonly performed gastrointestinal surgery in the United States. Clinical studies have confirmed that after bariatric surgery, 78% of patients have complete remission of diabetes and 87% have partial remission of diabetes; over 70% have remission of hyperlipidemia; 61.7% have complete remission of hypertension and 78.5% have partial remission; and over 80% have remission or improvement of sleep apnea. Obesity involves multiple systemic pathologies, and obese patients have multiple systemic comorbidities at the same time, so more specialized and standardized treatment plans need to be developed in cooperation with multiple disciplines.