UBE surgery refers to unilateral dual-channel spinal endoscopic surgery via posterior approach, which has the disadvantages of expensive operation cost, unassessable bleeding volume, and certain difficulties in clinical promotion. 1. Expensive: The arthroscopic instruments used in UBE surgery are imported and expensive. 2. Bleeding cannot be assessed: In order to have a good surgical field of view during UBE surgery, high-pressure continuous irrigation is usually used, which makes it impossible to accurately estimate the amount of blood loss during the surgery. 3. Difficulty in clinical promotion: Because UBE surgical instruments are relatively expensive, coupled with the fact that the operation technique requires a long time of learning and training, only a few hospitals and doctors in China can have this technique. Many hospitals and doctors need a long time to gradually contact and use this technology to serve the majority of patients. Overall, unilateral dual-channel spinal endoscopy (UBE) has many advantages over single-channel endoscopy, such as a more comprehensive microscopic field of view, more flexible instrumentation, and more choices of instruments, and has been applied to the removal of nucleus pulposus in herniated intervertebral discs, decompression of the spinal canal or foraminal stenosis, removal of intravertebral cysts, hematomas, and abscesses, as well as intervertebral fusion with the assistance of endoscopy. UBE surgery will enable minimally invasive, endoscopic treatment of more and more complex spinal degenerative diseases in the future.