The treatment of cancer embolism is a very big problem. At present, the mainstream treatment means are surgery, external radiation therapy and systemic systemic therapy, as follows: first, surgery: a part of small cancer embolism has the chance to be cured through surgery, but very few cancer embolisms have the chance to be treated by surgery. Second, external radiation therapy: With the advancement of radiotherapy technology, stereotactic radiotherapy can be used to deal with cancer embolism, and a considerable part of cancer embolism can be reduced and shrunk through external radiation therapy. Thirdly, systemic therapy: mainly drug therapy, taking portal vein cancer embolism of liver cancer as an example, immunotherapy, combined with anti-angiogenic drugs like lenvatinib, has good efficacy for some patients with cancer embolism, but the efficiency of drug therapy is generally inferior to the means of direct treatment of cancer embolism. Ablation therapy is mainly a physical therapy like ablation guidewire in interventional department, which can rapidly reduce the tumor load, but it is very difficult to do if the cancer embolus is particularly long. In addition, portal vein stent implantation can make the cancer thrombus clear and improve the symptoms of obstruction caused by cancer thrombus, and portal vein stent is often used in combination with other treatments. In conclusion, the treatment of cancer embolism is very difficult and requires a combination of multiple treatments to eliminate the embolism as much as possible and prolong the patient’s survival.