Interstitial Pneumonia Emphysema Pneumocystis can be relieved by general treatment, medication, surgery and other methods. 1. General treatment: in daily life, we should pay attention to quit smoking and alcohol, avoid strenuous exercise, we can promote lung rehabilitation activities through appropriate swimming, walking, playing Tai Chi, etc., avoid exposure to harmful gases and substances, reasonable diet, avoid spicy and stimulating food intake. For the combination of severe dyspnea, oxygen therapy such as oxygen inhalation and ventilator should be given. 2. Drug therapy: inhaled glucocorticosteroids such as budesonide, combined β2 agonists such as formoterol, M2 receptor antagonists such as tiotropium bromide can be given as appropriate. For idiopathic interstitial fibrosis, nidanib or pirfenidone may be added. For interstitial fibrosis secondary to rheumatic immune disease, immunosuppressants such as cyclophosphamide are recommended. 3. Surgical treatment: If the alveoli are large and cause spontaneous pneumothorax or dyspnea, it is necessary to carry out closed thoracic cavity or puncture drainage in time. Lung transplantation can be considered for end-stage patients. Interstitial pneumonia combined with emphysema or pulmonary alveoli often suggests that the condition is more serious, prone to respiratory failure, it is recommended to seek timely medical care, improve pulmonary function and chest CT to assess the condition, so as to avoid delaying the timing of treatment.