Rectal cancer fistula is different from general tumor resection, because the artificial anus does not have the contraction function of normal anus, so postoperative care is especially important. The following are some of the postoperative care methods for rectal cancer fistula: a. Fistula skin care and cleaning An important part of postoperative care for rectal cancer fistula is that family members should observe the patient’s condition. For example, observe whether the wound is bleeding after surgery, keep the dressing clean and dry. Help patients to take care of the fistula, open the colostomy 2-3 days after surgery, first wash the skin around the fistula with saline cotton balls and apply zinc oxide ointment to prevent dermatitis due to impregnation of the skin by the discharged stool. When the feces are formed regularly, the skin can be washed with water only to keep it dry. In addition to rinsing, once a day, use fingers to dilate the anus. Second, the method of changing the bag Because the artificial anus does not have the normal contraction function of the anus, the initial defecation is not felt and cannot be controlled, so the artificial anal bag is used. When changing the bag, it is appropriate to take a sitting position, and the accumulated feces in the bag should be dumped and cleaned in time to avoid infection and reduce odor; when taking the anal bag, it should be lightly lifted from the upper ring to prevent damage to the skin. After rectal cancer fistula surgery, family members should observe the recovery of intestinal function, when abdominal distension disappears and the nature of fluid draining from the stoma. Food intake should be regular and quantitative to help control the activity pattern of the intestine. The habit of regular bowel movements should be gradually developed. Once the stool is formed and the habit of regular bowel movements is established, the patient can cover the stoma with a cotton pad and secure it with a bandage after daily bowel movements. If there is no stool for a few days, you can take laxatives or go to the hospital for a manual anal enema. To prevent diarrhea, pay attention to dietary hygiene, and eat less fibrous food or cold, greasy food. Fourth, postoperative exercise and dietary contraindications After a short rest, patients can also participate in appropriate physical exercise after surgery. For bedridden patients with advanced disease, they should be turned regularly and have air cushions on their heels. In addition to exercise, attention should be paid to diet. Dietary fiber-rich vegetables, such as celery, leek, cabbage, radish and other green leafy vegetables, can stimulate intestinal peristalsis, increase the number of bowel movements and take away carcinogenic and toxic substances from the stool. At the same time, easy-to-digest, soft and semi-fluid foods such as millet porridge, thick lotus root soup, rice soup, congee, cornmeal porridge, egg custard, tofu brain, etc. can reduce the stimulation of the intestinal tract and prevent the occurrence of intestinal obstruction by passing through the intestinal cavity more smoothly.