Malignant melanoma, also known as melanoma, is a malignant tumor that originates from epidermal melanocytes or pigmented nevi. The disease can be seen at any age, more often in middle age and old age, and slightly more often in women than men. Malignant melanoma is a rare malignant tumor, the incidence rate of which is less than 1 to 2/100,000 population per year in the world, but the annual incidence rate of which is 16/100,000 population in Queensland, Australia. Black people and Asians rarely suffer from this disease. In Shanghai, the incidence is 0.41/100,000 people. In the past, this disease was thought to be a tumor with high malignancy and rapid metastasis, but in recent years, it has been found that its malignancy is not as high as thought in the past, and the 5-year survival rate of melanoma of freckle-like nevus is as high as 80%-90%. Patients with nodular melanoma who have received treatment before metastasis have a 5-year survival rate of about 50% to 60%. The understanding of malignant melanoma in traditional medicine dates back to the Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine more than 2000 years ago, especially the “Liu Juanzi’s Ghost Remains” written by Liu Juanzi, a late Jin Dynasty physician, and the “Treatise on the Origin of Various Diseases” written by Chao Yuanfang, a Sui Dynasty physician, both thoroughly documented the clinical manifestations of “gangrene” and “black seeds “The clinical manifestations of the disease are similar to those of malignant melanoma. The treatment of this disease, combining internal and external aspects, is documented in the book “Surgical Zhengzong” written by a Ming Dynasty physician. Traditional medicine has accumulated rich experience in the treatment of malignant melanoma with stable efficacy and few adverse reactions; it has greater advantages in reducing pain, prolonging survival and improving the quality of life. Malignant melanoma is called by different names in traditional medicine. In Chinese traditional medicine, it belongs to the categories of “black seed”, “black furuncle”, “gangrene”, “gangrene”, etc. The name “melanoma” is used in traditional Chinese medicine.