Gynecomastia, also known as gynecomastia or gynecomastia, is an abnormal enlargement and development of male breast tissue. The disease is a serious obstacle to the physical and mental health of men, and its incidence has gradually increased in recent years, and is receiving increasing attention from clinicians. Gynecomastia is divided into four categories: physiologic gynecomastia, pathologic gynecomastia, idiopathic gynecomastia, and pharmacologic gynecomastia, as well as primary gynecomastia and secondary gynecomastia. Physiological gynecomastia lasts for a short period of time and usually fades within one to two years, and if it disappears on its own, no treatment is needed. Gynecomastia is actually a lifestyle disease that can be solved by losing weight and increasing exercise, and not many of them really need surgery. In fact, it can be observed in life. Gynecomastia is rare in thin, active men who love sports, while slightly fatter, non-athletic ones always have breast development. The rest of the conditions that tend to cause gynecomastia are mainly fast food and soft drinks in young people and alcohol and obesity in middle-aged men. Since it is a lifestyle disease, it should be solved through lifestyle changes. But it requires persistence and perseverance. Reducing the proportion of fat in the body, especially the proportion of abdominal fat, through exercise is important to alleviate gynecomastia because sex hormones, both estrogen and androgen, are present in both male and female bodies, and it is the androgens that are converted to estrogen and finally metabolized in the liver. The aromatase enzyme in adipose tissue converts androgens to estrogens, so exercise and weight loss can lower the estrogen level in the body to raise the androgen level, thus relieving breast development. For pathological gynecomastia with a clear cause, etiological treatment is preferred, such as removal of testicular tumors, adrenal tumors, hyper- or hypothyroidism, prostate tumors and liver diseases, etc. For gynecomastia caused by exogenous estrogens or drugs, the relevant drugs should be discontinued. In addition to etiological treatment, pharmacological treatment is also an important method, especially for patients with physiological gynecomastia and some pathological gynecomastia that cannot heal on their own. Western medicine commonly used estrogen receptor antagonist tamoxifen (tamoxifen), androgen preparation methyltestosteronum (methyltestosteronum) and aromatase inhibitor letrozole (letrozol), etc., part of the patients can be symptomatic relief, lumps recede. In Chinese medicine, gynecomastia is mostly caused by kidney deficiency, liver depression, spleen deficiency and phlegm coagulation, and should be treated by differentiating the types. However, TCM treatment is often slow and ineffective. For those with breast diameter >4cm, which does not subside for 2 years, has obvious symptoms, affects aesthetics, causes psychological pressure to the patient, is suspected to be malignant, and drug treatment is ineffective, surgical treatment can be adopted. Surgical methods for gynecomastia can be divided into sharp excision, aspiration and aspiration plus sharp excision. The sharp excision method is mainly suitable for patients with breast enlargement with mainly breast glandular tissue, the aspiration method is suitable for patients with breast enlargement containing more fatty tissue, and the aspiration plus sharp excision method is suitable for patients with more glandular tissue and fatty tissue.