Children 3 years and younger are particularly vulnerable because the way they play and explore their surroundings – such as crawling and putting objects in their mouths – increases their risk of exposure to lead, as does the risk of lead entering their bodies through breathing or swallowing. Children can be exposed to lead in a number of ways: ① Intrauterine exposure. Lead enters the fetus through the placenta. Blood lead levels in newborns are generally similar to those in their mothers. ②Soil and water. Lead particles in gasoline additives or paint can fall into the soil and remain there for years, while lead and copper pipes soldered with lead can release lead particles into tap water. ③ Lead in paint. In the U.S., lead paint used for home improvement, children’s toys, and furniture making has been banned since 1978. However, we still see lead paint on walls and woodwork in many older homes and apartments, which can lead to children accidentally ingesting lead-containing wall debris or wood chips. Glazes found that in the ceramics industry, ceramics also contain lead, which can lead to lead leaching into food. Lead paint can also be found in toys and other products manufactured abroad. ④ Children’s products. Lead can also be found in children’s accessories or products made of polyethylene or plastic (such as aprons, backpacks, car seats and lunch boxes). Children can absorb lead from lead-containing products by licking or chewing them, and inhale lead when they are burned, destroyed, or deteriorated. ⑤ Indoor dust. Indoor dust may contain lead from paint chips or from soil brought in from outdoors. ⑥Food. Food may also be contaminated with lead during production, processing, packaging, preparation or storage. For example, vegetables may be grown in soil that contains lead or exposed to fuel exhaust that contains lead. Lead can seep into canned foods from canning jars made from lead solder. In addition, some containers and jars that hold food also contain lead, such as glazed earthenware and crystal glassware that contain lead. (7) Folk or home remedies and certain cosmetics. Some traditional remedies, such as azarcon and greta, which are used to treat indigestion, may contain lead. Likewise, some pigments and dyes used in cosmetics and hair dyes contain lead. ⑧ Artificial sports fields. Artificial turf made from nylon or nylon polyethylene blends may contain levels of lead dust that are hazardous to human health and which may enter children’s bodies through breathing or swallowing.