Chronic cardiac insufficiency can be seen as chronic left heart insufficiency and chronic right heart insufficiency. The earliest symptom of chronic left heart insufficiency is exertional dyspnea, which also occurs during exercise, and gradually develops into nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea, telangiectatic breathing, acute pulmonary edema, cough, sputum, hemoptysis, and symptoms related to hypoperfusion, such as weakness, decreased exercise, oliguria, anuria, and renal impairment. In patients with chronic right heart insufficiency, the earliest symptoms are edema in both feet and legs, which gradually spreads upward to the whole body. Pleural effusion and peritoneal effusion may occur, and gastrointestinal stasis may occur, leading to abdominal pain, abdominal distension, nausea, and vomiting. Patients often have jugular venous filling and anger.