A middle-aged woman came to the clinic with recurrent cough for more than 10 years and shortness of breath when walking in the last six months. After examination, she was diagnosed with cough variant asthma combined with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and was recommended to receive long-term treatment with inhaled medication. The patient immediately objected that her neighbor had been using inhaled medication and became dependent on it, so she could not use it. The patient did not even have the patience to listen to the doctor’s explanation of her condition and left. This situation reflects the current lack of patient health education and misconceptions. Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract, clinically manifested as recurrent shortness of breath with croup, which can be rapidly relieved by treatment and often has a distinct season of prevalence; a few patients have a recurrent dry cough especially at night, and others have chest tightness, which are called cough variant asthma and chest tightness variant asthma, respectively; these asthma essentially are chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract leading to bronchial Repeated spasms and structural abnormalities in the airways lead to respiratory dysfunction over time. Asthma also often coexists with allergic rhinitis, skin urticaria, and eczema. Most patients begin to suffer from the disease when they are young or in childhood, and a few develop it in adulthood. If the disease is diagnosed in time and regular treatment achieves long-term control of the disease, the patient’s lung function can be close to normal; if the disease is poorly controlled by repeated attacks, it causes the destruction and reconstruction of airway structures, which then causes abnormal respiratory function and even respiratory failure, significantly affecting the patient’s quality of life and shortening life expectancy. In addition, among young asthma patients, there are some who will have intermittent severe attacks of asthma, sometimes too late to be rescued and can quickly become life-threatening. Such tragedies occur almost every year. Can asthma be controlled? The answer is yes. However, like other chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes, asthma requires long-term treatment and regular review of the disease, not a “cure” after a period of treatment. The formal treatment of asthma is based on examination results and clinical data to determine the activity and severity of the disease, and then either temporary control treatment or long-term control treatment is given. The main treatment for long-term control is inhaled corticosteroids combined with long-acting bronchodilators, or leukotriene blockers if the disease is not well controlled. Short-term antibiotics are used in cases of co-infection. Other adjuvant therapies include antihistamines, anti-Ig E monoclonal antibodies, and desensitization therapy. Many patients are concerned about inhaled glucocorticoids as part of their regular asthma treatment, believing that they can cause several side effects. It is true that oral or intravenous glucocorticosteroids have a variety of adverse effects, but inhaled hormones for airway inflammation are absorbed in extremely small amounts and generally do not cause such things as obesity, osteoporosis, or blood sugar abnormalities. While patients are concerned about the side effects of medications, it is important to have a more basic understanding of the dangers of the disease itself, which can cause serious complications and affect life expectancy, such as asthma. To understand asthma, patients can make use of modern and well-developed information on the Internet, books on the disease, and mutual communication among patients who have the same disease. When in doubt about any information, the explanation of the treating specialist is the most reliable.