December 22nd is the winter solstice and the first day of the third nine days of the year. The cold and the sudden drop in temperature are among the risk factors for stroke. Li Xiaogang said that it is especially important to prevent and treat stroke in winter. People should have basic stroke prevention knowledge and first aid knowledge. The joint efforts of doctors, emergency systems, patients, their families and society as a whole are needed to minimize the risk of stroke. Don’t neglect to keep warm Stroke is commonly known as “stroke”, and there are more than 7 million stroke patients in China. When it comes to stroke prevention, Li Xiaogang said that proper warmth is an important measure to protect the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system in winter, so that vasodilation and blood circulation are not affected by the temperature difference between the outside world. Li Xiaogang suggested that when going out on a rainy or snowy day or a “freezing day”, you should wear a hat, a scarf and gloves. In winter, postpone the morning exercise time, or switch to the evening time. Stroke is not only a health “killer” of the middle-aged and elderly, young people are also difficult to avoid, the onset of young people and often stay up late, stress, irregular work and rest, so from the age of 30 to learn to protect the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, pay attention to warmth is both simple and economic protection measures. The “golden three hours” of treatment When a stroke occurs, how to effectively treat the stroke patient to minimize the damage of the disease? Li Xiaogang said that proper awareness, basic symptom recognition and effective medical support are the three most important factors in stroke treatment. Most people know that there is a “golden three hours” rule in disaster rescue, but there is also a “golden three hours” rule in stroke treatment. Strokes can be divided into ischemic strokes and hemorrhagic strokes, of which ischemic strokes account for 60% to 80%. For ischemic stroke (i.e. cerebral infarction), a large number of international clinical trials have confirmed that thrombolysis with rt-PA (recombinant human tissue-type fibrinogen activator) is used within 3 hours of disease onset to recanalize the blocked blood vessel with rt-PA. recognized nationally and internationally as the standard of care for acute ischemic stroke. The time window for rt-PA treatment in Europe has now been extended to 4.5 hours, and thrombolysis is still effective within 4.5 hours after stroke onset, giving patients more time and hope. However, Li Xiaogang reminded that stroke treatment is like a race against the disease, the earlier and faster the treatment, the smaller the extent and degree of brain damage, the shorter the recovery process, and the lighter the sequelae. For people at risk of stroke and their families, the first step is to develop awareness of emergency stroke care. Once a stroke has occurred, it is important to seek medical attention quickly to get the best treatment plan in a limited time. Some elderly people do not tell their children until after work or until dawn so as not to disturb them, often delaying the golden time for treatment. Stroke patients and their families should remain calm at the onset of stroke and try to get to the nearest hospital with thrombolysis within 3 hours via ambulance in time.