China is gradually moving into an aging country, and at present, China’s elderly population over 60 years old is nearly 1, 600 million, accounting for 12 percent of the total population. And a more serious reality is that, as the same age of the new China into old age, from this year onwards, the national elderly population from an average annual increase of 3.11 million people to an annual increase of 8 million people. The aging of the population has become one of the biggest national problems and one of the most important priorities for China, which is “getting old before it gets rich”. According to our scholars and the United Nations population, it is predicted that by the middle of the 21st century, the number of 60-year-olds will reach 43.7 billion, accounting for 31% of the total population at that time, and China in the 21st century will be an irreversible aging society. According to a survey conducted by the China Research Center on Aging in 1992, elderly people over 60 years of age spend 2/3 of their remaining life with disease. Abdominal wall incisional hernia is a common complication after abdominal surgery, with an incidence of about 2,0%-11,0%. The incidence can be as high as 20% in the elderly and can be even higher, up to 50% or more, when the defect is too large or is associated with infection. Although some incisional hernias of the abdominal wall are small and have no clinical symptoms, many more patients experience pain and discomfort until their quality of life is compromised. Some of them develop intussusception and strangulation of the bowel and other organs, which can be life-threatening. Studies in the United States have shown that one in five patients who undergo abdominal surgery will eventually develop an incisional hernia, so incisional hernia of the abdominal wall remains a common and serious health problem in the elderly. The understanding of incisional hernias has changed dramatically over the past 20 years, and we now understand that the incidence of incisional hernias requires follow-up for at least 3-5 years after abdominal surgery rather than the 6-12 months previously thought. We have also learned that the surgeon’s experience and technique including suture to incision length ratio, placement of patches, timing of surgery, and perioperative management greatly influence the outcome. Of course, one of the most important realizations is the shift from the original traditional direct suture repair to tension-free repair with the placement of biomaterials or synthetic patches. The development of minimally invasive and laparoscopic repair of incisional hernia in the abdominal wall in the last decade or so has led to its rapid acceptance by a wide range of surgeons because of its superiority over conventional repair. It has been reported that approximately 90% of abdominal hernia procedures in the United States are now repaired with patches, and approximately 50% of these are performed with laparoscopic techniques. The etiology of incisional hernia formation includes systemic factors: 1, age 2, abdominal wall strength 3, nutritional status 4, intra-abdominal primary disease 5, comorbidities or complications 6, other (long-term drug use but poor incisional healing) Local factors: 1, incisional factors 2, incisional infection and trans-incisional drainage 3, operative technique 4, anesthetic effect 5, intra-abdominal pressure Regarding the factors of incisional hernia formation in the abdominal wall, we tend to focus more on anatomical, pathophysiological, biochemical, and intra-abdominal pressure. We tend to focus more on anatomical, pathophysiological, and biochemical factors, but there is a lack of research on individual risk factors. Foreign scholars have investigated and found risk factors associated with the development of incisional hernia of the abdominal wall based on existing etiology, but some of these risk factors are still not supported by sufficient evidence and are summarized as follows: systemic: 1, abdominal aortic aneurysm 2, old age 3, anemia 4, anticoagulation 5, prostatic hypertrophy 6, blood transfusion 7, chemotherapy 8, smoking 9, chronic respiratory disease 10, diabetes 11, early reoperation 12, acute surgery 13, physician experience 14, infection 15, jaundice 16, renal disease 17, renal failure 18, polycystic kidney disease 19, male 20, malignancy 21, nutritional disorders 22 obesity 23, radiation therapy 24, steroid hormone use Local: 1, fascial closure technique 2, continuous or interrupted sutures 3, absorbable or non-absorbable club sutures 4, suture length to 5, mouth length ratio 6, incision location 7, postoperative hematoma formation 8, defect size According to the pascal principle as well as LaPLace’s law, once a defect is formed in the abdominal wall, it always ends up leading to the progression of the hernia. In other words, once a hernia is formed, it will only get bigger and bigger due to the increased local abdominal wall tension. Therefore, the occurrence of an incisional hernia in the abdominal wall is irreversible and will not heal on its own. Therefore, when patients find that they have an incisional hernia, the best treatment is surgery. Although temporary inconvenience can be solved by simple abdominal strapping, long-term strapping will cause adhesion of the hernia sac and its contents to the hernia ring, which will cause great difficulties for future surgery. Nowadays, laparoscopic repair of incisional hernia is becoming more and more mature, and laparoscopy is a minimally invasive technique that can not only repair abdominal defects, but also reduce abdominal trauma and ensure aesthetic appearance after surgery.