Heart valve diseases mainly include mitral stenosis, mitral valve insufficiency, aortic stenosis, aortic valve insufficiency, pulmonary valve stenosis, tricuspid valve insufficiency, etc. Surgical methods include valve replacement and valvuloplasty. The prosthetic valves available for valve replacement are currently mechanical and biological. Mechanical valves are suitable for younger patients under 60 years of age and have the advantage of longevity, and most can be maintained for life after replacement without the need for reoperation. Because mechanical valves have the potential to cause thrombosis, they require long-term anticoagulant medication, the longest used drug being warfarin, which often requires many repeat visits to the hospital early after surgery because of the need to adjust the optimal oral dose of warfarin early in the dosing process and the need to repeatedly check coagulation indicators (prothrombin time and international standard values). Biologic valves are made from animal valves or pericardium and do not require oral anticoagulants or oral anti-rejection drugs after surgery, but the current manufacturing process only allows the valve to be used in the body for 20 years, making it suitable for patients over 60 years of age, patients avoiding anticoagulants, etc. Since patients with heart valve disease often have a long history, large heart changes, and poor heart function, the recovery time after surgery should be longer, and some things need to be noted in the early stage. 1, diuretic drugs and drinking water: After surgery, due to poor heart function, reducing water retention in the body is an important measure. If too much water is retained in the body, the manifestations of cardiac insufficiency, such as shortness of breath, will occur. Therefore, some diuretic drugs such as hydrochlorothiazide, spironolactone and furosemide need to be taken orally in the early post-surgery period to maintain the daily urine volume, in addition to drinking water should be reduced appropriately to make the daily intake and output balanced. 2, coagulation function test: because the mechanical flap replacement requires oral anticoagulation drug warfarin, detection of coagulation function is very important, oral drug dose is not enough to achieve the therapeutic effect, oral drug overdose, can cause bleeding and other serious complications. The test item is prothrombin time, which includes prothrombin time, prothrombin time contrast value and international standard value. Each hospital has slightly different requirements for the value, and in order to meet this requirement, it is necessary to repeatedly check and adjust the oral drug dose until the international standard value is stable in the required range.