Gestational diabetes is a common complication of pregnancy, which is extremely harmful to mothers and infants in the near and long term and can lead to increased chances of obesity and diabetes in the offspring, and should be given great attention by every pregnant woman.
What is gestational diabetes?
Gestational diabetes is a condition that occurs after pregnancy or is first detected with varying degrees of blood glucose overload. More than 80% of pregnant women with diabetes are gestational diabetic, and less than 20% have diabetes in combination with pregnancy.
The harm of high blood sugar
1. Effects on pregnancy
(1) High blood sugar causes abnormal development of embryo and the incidence of miscarriage reaches 15-30%.
(2) The incidence of gestational hypertension in pregnant women is 3-5 times higher than that of normal women.
(3) Co-infections such as urinary tract infections and acute upper whistle infections are common.
(4) 10 times more amniotic fluid than normal pregnant women.
(5) Increased incidence of large babies.
(6) susceptible to diabetic ketoacidosis.
2, the impact on the fetus
(1) The incidence of gigantic babies is as high as 25-42%.
(2) Restricted fetal growth.
(3) Preterm birth rate of 10-25%.
(4) Fetal malformation rate of 6-8%.
3, the impact on the newborn
(1) High incidence of neonatal whistling distress syndrome.
(2) neonatal hypoglycemia, blood glucose <2.2moml/L in full-term newborns can be diagnosed as neonatal hypoglycemia.
Which pregnant women need to be screened for diabetes
(1) All pregnant women 24-28 weeks of gestation.
(2) The following pregnant women should have their blood glucose monitored earlier in their gestational weeks.
(3) Previous history of gestational diabetes.
(4) History of birth of a large fetus.
(5) Obesity polycystic ovary syndrome.
(6) History of multiple spontaneous abortions.
(7) family history of diabetes mellitus
(8) Positive fasting urine sugar in early pregnancy.
What to do if gestational diabetes is diagnosed
Once gestational diabetes is diagnosed, do not be nervous, keep your mood relaxed, actively cooperate with the doctor, closely observe the changes in blood sugar, arrange your life and work reasonably under the guidance of the doctor, and pass the pregnancy period safely and smoothly.
Strict diabetic diet, scientific recipes to ensure the nutrition of pregnant women and fetus, to ensure fetal growth and development. Appropriate exercise, low to moderate intensity aerobic exercise. Such as walking, stair climbing, etc. Exercise can start with 10 minutes. Gradually to 30-40 minutes.
It is important to note that pregnant women with gestational diabetes are prone to miscarriage and preterm delivery, and exercise must be tailored to each individual and not rushed.
Insulin therapy should be started if the above treatment does not reach the target in 5-7 days.
What should I do after delivery?
As the placenta is expelled, insulin dosage is significantly reduced. Pay attention to close monitoring of blood glucose, and in some cases insulin can be stopped after delivery. For patients with gestational diabetes who have normal blood glucose after delivery, an OGTT should be performed 6 weeks after delivery, if the abnormality may be due to prenatal missed diabetes. It is important to note that gestational diabetes occurs again in 60-70% of patients if they become pregnant again. Therefore, early attention should be paid to the second pregnancy and close observation of blood glucose changes before and during pregnancy.