Many patients with gastric disease have a bacterium present in their stomachs, which is Helicobacter pylori (abbreviated as HP), which is responsible for causing chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers, MALT lymphoma, and gastric cancer. In recent years, it has also been found to be associated with many extra-gastrointestinal diseases, such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, cerebral thrombosis, migraine, Raynaud’s disease, iron-deficiency anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and anaphylactic purpura, chronic bronchitis, bronchodilatation, primary biliary cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, desiccation syndrome, thyroiditis, diabetes mellitus, chronic urticaria, food allergies, rosacea, and other Hp can colonize the oral cavity and cause periodontal disease, and HP infection can cause growth retardation in children. The current situation of Helicobacter pylori infection According to the 2001-2004 survey of the Digestive Society of the Chinese Medical Association, the infection rate of Helicobacter pylori in China ranges from 40-90%, with an average of 59%, and the infection rate of Hp in children ranges from 25-59%, with an average of 40%. Children’s Hp infection rate is 25-59%, an average of 40%. Children’s Hp infection rate is increasing at an average rate of 0.5-1% per year. The current situation of this infection is worrying, so the prevention and treatment of HP infection is particularly important. How is H. pylori transmitted? The main modes of transmission are oral-oral and fecal-oral, and close contact. There is a family aggregation of H. pylori infection, where one member of the family is infected and others may be infected as well. Couples can be infected by indirect kissing and parents can be infected by chewing food and feeding it to children. Poor hygiene and communal utensils are high risk factors for HP infection, and people who often eat out have more chances of being infected. Therefore, the key to preventing HP infection is to pay attention to dietary hygiene. Advantages of Carbon 13 and Carbon 14 Tests for HP HP tests include both invasive and non-invasive methods. Invasive methods rely on gastroscopic biopsy, including rapid urease test (RUT), direct smear staining microscopy of gastric mucosa, microscopic examination of gastric mucosal tissue section staining (e.g., HE, Warthin-Starry silver staining, modified Giemsa staining, toluidine blue staining, acridine orange staining, immunohistochemistry staining, etc.), bacterial culture, genetic methods of detection (e.g., PCR, oligonucleotide probe hybridization, base chip detection, etc.). (e.g., PCR, oligonucleotide probe hybridization, base microarray detection, etc.). Non-invasive testing methods do not rely on gastroscopy, including 13C or 14C urea breath test (UBT), fecal Hp antigen detection (HpSA) (according to the detection of antibodies are divided into two categories of monoclonal and polyclonal antibody detection) and serum Hp antibody detection, etc. 13C or 14C urea breath test (UBT) does not need to obtain a biopsy of the stomach, and does not need to draw blood, the patient only needs to take a pill and blow gently. The patient only needs to gently blow after taking a pill, and through the change of chemical reagents, it can accurately diagnose whether there is H. pylori infection within 30 minutes. Simple, fast, accurate, painless, non-invasive and without the risk of cross-infection are the biggest advantages of this breath test method. Carbon 13 is now internationally recognized as the gold standard for detecting H. pylori for both diagnosis and monitoring of eradication therapy. Carbon 14 has a small amount of radioactivity, so it cannot be done on women of childbearing age (including pregnant women) or children. Carbon 14 radiates beta rays, the average radiation energy is very small, there is no clear report on the damage to the human body, so carbon 14 can generally be done by adults, and the price is cheaper than carbon-13. Both have higher sensitivity and specificity. Test Requirements The physical examiner should perform the test on an empty stomach in the early morning. Take a capsule orally with warm water (capsule rupture in the mouth will affect the test results), sit still for 15-20 minutes after blowing into the special breath card (bag), will be inserted into the breath card (bag) in the special detector can be taken out of the diagnostic results of the whole diagnostic process takes 30 minutes. The urea carbon 13, carbon 14 breath test must pay attention to the problem that the breath test should be carried out at least 4 weeks after the end of the HP radical treatment, in order to avoid false negatives caused by antibiotic-induced HP inhibition (that is to say, those who are using antibiotics have to stop taking drugs for 4 weeks). Additionally people taking proton pump inhibitor PPIs (e.g., omeprazole), H2 receptor inhibitors (e.g., cimetidine), or bismuth for medical exams should also stop taking their medications for at least 1 week before having the test performed. Who should be screened for the urea C13 and C14 breath test? Those who have warning symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, acid reflux, belching, nausea, vomiting or indigestion; those who have anemia or positive fecal occult blood test; those who have dysphagia, pain and discomfort in swallowing (but need to rule out pharyngeal esophageal space-occupying lesions by gastroscopy or barium meal first); those who have sudden weight loss; those who are older than 45; those who suffer from cardio-cerebral and cerebral vascular diseases, liver and gallbladder diseases, pancreatic diseases, endocrine disease, skin disease, Oral diseases, etc. are eligible for HP screening. Since the test is non-invasive and painless, it is very suitable for medical checkups and disease screening for healthy people.