Hypercholesterolemia is the most important risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis, especially elevated LDL-C. Statins are effective in lowering TC, LDL-C and TG, and raising HDL-C. Statins have been shown to improve endothelial function, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, stabilizing and slowing plaque progression. Many studies have confirmed that statins can significantly reduce major cardiovascular events and overall mortality in patients with coronary heart disease and improve prognosis. The nationally recommended LDL-C target for patients with coronary artery disease should be <2.60 mmol/L (100 mg/dl), and for very high-risk patients (coronary artery disease combined with diabetes mellitus or acute coronary syndrome), a treatment target of LDL-C <2.07 mmol/L (80 mg/dl) is also reasonable. The choice of this treatment target can also be extended to patients with stable angina at baseline LDL-C <2.60 mmol/L (100 mg/dl), which can further reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. When high-risk or moderately high-risk individuals receive LDL-C-lowering medications, the intensity of treatment should be sufficient to reduce LDL-C levels by at least 30-40%. When statins are applied, biochemical indicators such as transaminases and creatine kinase should be closely monitored to detect possible drug-induced liver damage and myopathy in a timely manner. When intensive lipid-lowering therapy is used, more attention should be paid to monitoring the safety of the drugs.