Chickenpox is a series of symptoms caused by infection with varicella-zoster virus. Varicella-zoster virus is human herpesvirus type 3, humans are the only host of this virus, after the virus enters the human body, it will firstly proliferate in the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract and enter into the bloodstream, and then the virus will replicate in the reticuloendothelial system to form the second viremia, which will be disseminated to the epidermal keratinocyte cells and mucous membranes, and will lead to the cellular vacuoles to become water blisters. Chickenpox has a certain degree of self-healing, rarely recurrence, chickenpox after self-healing, herpes zoster virus will be long latent in the body, when the body’s immunity is lowered, the virus will recur again, resulting in the emergence of herpes zoster. Chickenpox is a viral infection is highly contagious, once diagnosed with chickenpox, it is recommended to actively treat to reduce the adverse effects of the disease.