Studies have found that the prevalence of sleep disorders is higher in cancer patients than in healthy individuals. Some foreign studies have shown that the prevalence of spontaneously reported sleep disorders in the cancer population is 30% to 50%, and as high as 37% to 38% in breast and lung cancer patients. A domestic study showed that the prevalence of sleep disorders was 26.54% among patients with various types and stages of cancer. The main manifestation of sleep disorders in cancer is insomnia, which usually refers to a subjective experience that patients are not satisfied with the time and/or quality of sleep and affects their social function during the day. The common clinical forms of insomnia include: ① obvious difficulty in falling asleep, prolonged sleep latency (more than 30 minutes); ② or difficulty in maintaining sleep, increased number of awakenings and duration of awakenings (more than 2 times); ③ decreased sleep quality, shallow sleep and excessive dreaming; ④ shortened total sleep time, usually less than 6 hours; ⑤ increased early awakening and daytime sleepiness, etc. Early in the diagnosis, sleep disorders can be used as a psychological response. When learning of cancer, patients have different degrees of anger, depression, nervousness, denial, fear, appetite and sleep disorders, weight loss, etc. are normal psychological stress reactions, and these reactions can disappear after a period of time. Some patients may show more persistent symptoms such as anxiety, depression, agitation, emotional instability and memory impairment. Insomnia often causes patients to feel inadequately rested and rejuvenated to varying degrees during the day, resulting in somatic drowsiness, depression, reduced concentration, difficulty thinking, and slow reaction. The increasing fear of insomnia and excessive worry about the consequences of insomnia often cause insomnia patients to fall into a vicious circle and remain untreated for a long time. The treatment of sleep disorders in cancer is first of all directed to the treatment of the primary disease and observing the principles of cancer treatment. In addition to anti-cancer treatment, necessary treatment should be given to sleep disorders, and different measures should be formulated for different causes in order to achieve the treatment goals of relieving symptoms, maintaining normal sleep structure, restoring social functions and improving quality of life. Regardless of the etiology of sleep disorders, active treatment of sleep disorders may improve somatic diseases. Cancer pain is an important cause of insomnia and patients should be treated aggressively for pain. Poor sleep hygiene can disrupt the normal rhythm of sleep, leading to disruption of sleep patterns and causing insomnia. Educating patients to learn to control and correct various behaviors that interfere with sleep can be done by creating a comfortable sleep environment, maintaining a regular wake up time, and minimizing the time spent in bed. Many studies have shown that cognitive therapy and behavioral therapy are effective for insomnia. Behavioral therapy includes relaxation training, stimulus control therapy, and sleep restriction therapy. Non-benzodiazepines are generally chosen as first-line medications for the treatment of insomnia. Anxiety is a common symptom in cancer patients and tends to affect sleep. Benzodiazepines are commonly used to improve sleep along with anti-anxiety treatment. For patients with sleep disorders accompanied by depressive mood or pain, anticancer treatment should be accompanied by antidepressants that help sedative-hypnotic effect.