With the improvement of people’s living standard, the diet structure has changed, especially the consumption of sugar increased, making children’s risk of caries increased. At present, the domestic children’s milk teeth caries rate is very high, children’s oral health care of all kinds of misunderstanding and contempt caused by our children’s caries rate as high as 80% to 90%, an average of nearly 5 bad teeth per child, seriously affecting the physical and mental health of children and adolescents. Many parents think: milk teeth sooner or later to be replaced, treatment does not matter, as long as it does not hurt. In fact, this point of view is very scary, the harm is not small. Dental caries not only make children feel tooth pain and affect appetite, chewing, digestion, absorption and growth and development, sometimes lead to pulpitis, tooth abscess, and even cause systemic diseases, affecting children’s health. If the milk teeth are lost early due to caries, it will not only affect the eruption of permanent teeth as scheduled, but also lead to the arrangement of permanent teeth disorder, causing malocclusion. Therefore, caries should be treated early. Early caries treatment is simple, painless, costly and effective. The causes of caries are multifaceted, and prevention should also start from various aspects: First, good oral hygiene habits. Do morning and evening brushing, rinsing after meals, especially before bedtime brushing is more important. Good oral hygiene habits are conducive to the removal of plaque. Plaque is the key to caries, effective brushing is the most effective means of removing plaque. Many parents never brush the teeth of children under the age of two, which is very bad. For infants, mothers should be after each feeding, the index finger with a clean gauze wrapped, dipped in warm water to scrub the child’s teeth to protect the newly erupted milk teeth, toddlers can first be helped by parents to brush their teeth, and then gradually grasp the correct method of brushing teeth. Secondly, good eating habits. Sugar in food provides a source of energy and acid-producing raw materials for bacteria in the mouth. Minimizing the intake of sugar and choosing a reasonable way of eating is the key to controlling caries. In particular, no yogurt and sugary foods should be given to children one hour before bedtime. Eat less sticky sweets such as milk candy and cakes. Third, have regular oral health checkups. This is conducive to the early detection and early treatment of caries. Experts suggest that every six months to a year to the hospital for oral health examination, early detection of caries, timely treatment. As children’s milk teeth caries develop quickly, parents should often check their children’s teeth, find problems, and seek timely medical attention. Fourth, receive professional caries prevention measures. Caries prevention measures include fissure sealing and fluoride caries prevention. Whether it is applying fluoride on the surface of the teeth or controlling the fluoride content in drinking water, it has a significant effect on preventing caries. Fissure sealing of molar teeth can be done at the age of three to four weeks. Fissure sealant is applied to the surface of children’s teeth to seal the fissures and pits that are prone to caries, which can effectively prevent caries from occurring.