Pregnancy and childbirth are one of the most important stages in almost all of a woman’s life, as they go through the change from being a woman of childbearing age to pregnant and to giving birth in a short period of ten months. This process of change is accompanied by drastic changes in many aspects of the family environment, physical appearance, and hormones in the body. Health care during pregnancy focuses on how to adapt to these changes, maintain both physical and mental health, and preserve physical fitness. Good maternal health care not only protects the health of the pregnant woman and her fetus, but also benefits the health of the fetus as an adult and even for the next generation. There is also growing evidence in recent years that the fetus perceives the external environment in utero and makes changes to that environment that may last a lifetime and even affect the next generation. For example, children with intrauterine growth retardation have a much higher chance of developing hypertension and diabetes in adulthood than children of normal birth weight. Huge children (weighing more than 4000g) also have a greater chance of developing obesity, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and diabetes during childhood, and they also have an increased chance of developing certain tumors in adulthood compared to normal birth weight children. How to take good care during pregnancy and childbirth? Simply put, we should pay attention to the following four points: a nutritious and balanced diet, appropriate amount of appropriate activities, healthy and safe behavior, and a happy and relaxed mood. Nutritious and balanced diet: For a long time, the nutrition of pregnant women has been of great concern, and it is common to hear people say to pregnant women at the dinner table, “Eat more, you have to eat two servings of …… alone.” Forgive me, but this special care for pregnant women is harmful to the mother and baby. During pregnancy, the energy needs of pregnant women do not increase significantly compared to non-pregnant women. In late pregnancy (after 28 weeks of pregnancy), due to the rapid growth of the fetus, energy needs only increase slightly by 200 Kcal compared to usual, which is equivalent to the size of an extra 250 ml of milk and a hard-boiled egg every day. This increase is equivalent to 250 ml of milk and one hard-boiled egg per day. The excessive intake of nutrients is converted into fat and stored in the body of the pregnant woman and the fetus, resulting in obesity and huge babies, which increases the chance of difficult delivery. In addition, during excessive energy intake, the significant fluctuations in blood sugar stimulate the pregnant woman and the fetus to respond to this, causing complications such as gestational diabetes in the pregnant woman, leading to potential changes in the baby’s organism and increasing its risk of developing a variety of metabolism-related diseases such as obesity and hypertension and diabetes in the future. While energy intake needs to be limited, on the other hand, the intake of various vitamins and trace elements by pregnant women is greatly increased. For example, calcium, iron, zinc and other trace elements to meet the needs of fetal growth. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the dietary intake with nutrition and intake of nutrient-rich foods. In addition to dietary supplements, sometimes it is also necessary to supplement with synthetic preparations of vitamins or trace elements to make up for the lack of dietary intake. Adequate and appropriate activity: It is essential to ensure an appropriate amount of activity during pregnancy. Through exercise, the blood supply of the whole body can be improved and muscle strength increased; it not only reduces the occurrence of pregnancy complications and the chance of difficult labor, but also helps pregnant women maintain a happy mood. Moderate activity during pregnancy is essential to control the weight of pregnant women and reduce pregnancy complications, and for pregnant women with gestational diabetes, it is a means of treatment. However, exercise during pregnancy is not for the purpose of weight loss, as well as athletics, and care should be taken to avoid intense activities during pregnancy, especially those that can cause injuries to the abdomen, such as ball games. The amount of exercise should also be appropriately controlled. For pregnant women with pregnancy comorbidities and complications, the types of activities that can be performed during pregnancy are even more limited and require a more detailed consultation with a doctor. Healthy and safe behaviors: It is well known that smoking and alcohol abstinence are required during pregnancy. Heavy alcohol consumption can lead to severe malformations in the fetus called “alcohol syndrome”. Smoking can lead to premature birth, fetal growth restriction, and even affect the growth and development of the newborn after birth. Secondhand smoke is also harmful to pregnant women and fetuses, so quitting smoking during pregnancy requires the cooperation of the father-to-be, the entire family, and society. Toxic work environment may affect the fetus and the fetus, so women who may be exposed to toxic and harmful substances during pregnancy should be removed from their jobs. The issue of non-ionic radiation in daily life is of great concern. In fact, there is no sufficient evidence to prove the harmful effects of radiation generated by daily household appliances on the fetus, and it may be necessary to reduce exposure appropriately, but there is no need to overstress. Pets such as cats and dogs may carry zoonotic diseases and close contact with them should be reduced during pregnancy, especially to ensure that they do not come into direct contact with their feces. Other important aspects of life during pregnancy that are often overlooked include not eating foods that have not been adequately heated, especially meat and unpasteurized dairy products. These foods may contain a variety of microorganisms and parasites that can be teratogenic or even fatal to the developing fetus. Food processing methods such as shabu-shabu and baking are not suitable for pregnant women. A happy and relaxed mood: The definition of health includes both physical and mental health, and it is very important to maintain the mental health of pregnant women during pregnancy. However, during pregnancy, many hormonal changes in women’s bodies make this period one of the most sensitive and unsettling periods in their lives. In addition, when women enter pregnancy, they are inevitably worried about various conditions of the fetus in the womb, causing many pregnant women to be too emotionally stressed and often have various psychological problems. Through adequate communication, family members’ care, appropriate activities and other self-regulation methods, most pregnant women can successfully pass this period. When the general means of regulation cannot improve the psychological and emotional state of pregnant women, they need to seek the help of professional psychologists. In conclusion, pregnancy is a very special period in which pregnant women should pay full attention to the possible effects of nutrition, exercise, behavior and psychological factors, and promote health by improving their behavior. Family members should also work with pregnant women to create a healthy and safe pregnancy environment to protect the health of both the pregnant woman and the fetus.