Sperm are the male reproductive cells and normal sperm carry out the function of male fertility and reproduction. Spermatozoa are produced in the spermatogenic cells of the testicular vas deferens and are produced after about 74 days. At this time, spermatozoa are not fully developed and do not have the ability to fertilize or move, and need to be stored and further developed in the epididymis. After about 16 days in the epididymis, the spermatozoa acquire the ability to move and fertilize, and are fully developed. Once sperm are formed, they begin to face the problem of aging. The external manifestation of sperm aging is malformed sperm, which appears microscopically as a deformity of the head, body, or tail of the sperm, so that a certain percentage of malformed sperm count can be seen in a normal semen analysis report. Under normal circumstances, the proportion of normal-form sperm is >15% and the proportion of malformed sperm is <85%. During the long process of spermatogenesis and maturation, it can be influenced by a variety of factors, resulting in an increase in the number of malformed sperm. When the percentage of deformed sperm exceeds 85%, it can lead to a significant decrease in male fertility and even male infertility, which is one of the more common causes of male infertility in clinical practice. The common causes of malformed spermatozoa are as follows: a. Chromosomal abnormalities lead to malformed spermatozoa. Second, infections of the reproductive system, epididymal tuberculosis, mumps combined with inflammatory diseases such as orchitis can affect the microenvironment for the occurrence, development and maturation of sperm, or pathogenic bacterial toxins directly destroy sperm, leading to increased malformations. Other diseases of the reproductive system: 1. Varicocele can lead to venous blood stagnation in the testes and epididymis, increased concentration of local toxic metabolites, and high temperature of the microenvironment for sperm formation, resulting in an increase in deformed sperm and a decrease in sperm vitality. 2. Congenital testicular insufficiency can directly lead to abnormalities in sperm production capacity and development process, resulting in a decrease in the number of sperm and an increase in deformed sperm. 4, excessive mental tension, malnutrition, excessive sexual life, etc., through the impact of sperm development and maturation process of multiple links, resulting in the occurrence of deformed sperm. Fifth, some drugs: such as hormones, anti-tumor drugs, furan drugs, often sedative drugs, etc., on the division of spermatogenic cells and sperm maturation have a disruptive effect. Sixth, environmental factors: radiation exposure of the reproductive system, frequent hot baths to increase the local temperature of the testicles, alcohol abuse, etc., can interfere with the development of sperm, and may lead to sperm mutations, causing malformed spermatozoa. The goal of fertility can be achieved by taking appropriate measures for the above different reasons. 1.For those with chromosomal abnormalities, fertility can be achieved through assisted reproductive technology. 2. By actively treating inflammation of the reproductive system, adjusting emotions, stopping the use of sperm-damaging drugs, changing bad habits, and surgically treating varicocele, etc., the causes of aberrant spermatozoa can be removed and the morphology of sperm can be gradually restored to normal standards, thus achieving fertility.