Rectal cancer can’t have bowel movement indicates that the tumor growth has seriously affected the defecation function, and the treatment is based on radical resection, which includes all the cancer foci, enough intestinal segments at both ends, the surrounding tissues that may be infiltrated by the cancer as well as relevant mesentery and lymph nodes, etc. The common surgical methods include abdominal perineal colectomy, posterior pelvic resection, anterior proctocolectomy, transabdominal anorectal resection anastomosis and so on. 1. Abdominal perineal colectomy: It is suitable for cancer of the lower rectum within 7 centimeters from the anal verge. The scope of surgery includes sigmoid colon and its mesentery, rectum, anal canal, anus muscle and so on. The disadvantage is that permanent artificial anus is needed, which brings inconvenience to patients. 2. Posterior pelvic resection: It is mainly applicable to female low rectal cancer, especially low rectal cancer located in the anterior wall of rectum or invading into the anterior wall of rectum in Dukes B and C stages. The scope of surgical resection is basically the same as abdominal perineal resection, and then combined with vaginal side and back wall, uterus and bilateral adnexa are resected together. 3. Anterior rectal resection: It is suitable for the cancer of middle and upper rectum with the lower edge of tumor and more than 6-7 cm from the anal verge. This procedure completely preserves the anal sphincter and belongs to the procedures that can preserve the anus. 4. Transabdominal anal resection anastomosis: It is suitable for those who have low rectal tumor and the residual rectum above the anal retentive muscle is too short for low anastomosis, and in order to prevent anastomotic fistula, temporary transverse colostomy needs to be done. Specific surgical methods need to be based on the doctor’s staging diagnosis to make appropriate choices, and it is recommended that patients actively cooperate with the treatment in order to improve the quality of life and prolong the survival period.