The exact pathogenesis of urinary stones is unknown, and the stones can be categorized according to their chemical composition as follows: calcium oxalate stones, uric acid stones, calcium phosphate stones, cystine stones and magnesium amine phosphate stones. Using infrared spectroscopy automatic analysis system, the physical and chemical analysis of stones can clarify the composition of stones, which in turn can be targeted prevention. Artificially changing the acid-base environment of urine through medication or dietary modification helps patients minimize and prevent the occurrence of stones. According to statistics, the recurrence rate of urinary tract stones is more than 10%, and if it is infected stones, the recurrence rate of stones can be as high as 78%. How to reduce the recurrence of stones? (1) Drinking water to prevent stones. Have stones, see a doctor when the doctor said the most words is to drink more water, that how much water is considered more? The general advice is that after drinking water, you should ensure that the 24-hour urine output is 2000-2500 ml. Regarding the type of water to drink, it is generally believed that non-dairy liquids with less oxalic acid content are appropriate. Excessive consumption of caffeine, black tea, grape juice, apple juice and Coca Cola should be avoided. More orange juice, tart cranberry juice and lemonade are recommended. Drinking water should be distributed throughout the day, so in addition to drinking a lot of water during the day, you must also drink 300-500 ml of water before bedtime and after waking up to urinate during sleep. (2) Diet to prevent stones. Maintain a comprehensive balance of dietary nutrition, emphasizing the avoidance of excessive intake of one of the nutrients. Dietary calcium content: Consuming a diet with normal calcium content and limiting the intake of animal protein and sodium has a better effect on preventing stone recurrence than the traditional low-calcium diet. Adults should consume 800-1000 mg of calcium per day, but patients with absorptive hypercalciuria should be placed on a low-calcium diet. Limit dietary oxalic acid intake: Patients with calcium oxalate stones should avoid oxalic acid-rich foods such as kale, almonds, peanuts, beets, parsley, spinach, rhubarb, black tea and cocoa powder. Among them, spinach has the highest content of oxalic acid, and patients with calcium oxalate stones should avoid eating spinach. Limit sodium intake: high sodium diet will increase urinary calcium excretion, daily sodium intake should be less than 2g. Limit protein intake: avoid excessive intake of animal protein, daily animal protein intake should be limited to 150g. In particular, patients with recurrent stones should not consume more than 80 g of protein per day. Reduce body weight: It is recommended that patients with urinary stones maintain a body mass index between 11 and 18. Increase the diet of coarse grains and fiber: rice bran can reduce urinary calcium excretion and lower the recurrence of urinary stones, but avoid oxalic acid-rich fiber foods such as wheat bran. Reduce vitamin C intake: vitamin C is naturally converted to oxalic acid. Limit purine-rich diet: Patients with calcium oxalate stones and hyperuricosuria should avoid a purine-rich diet. Purine-rich foods include: animal organs (liver and kidneys), poultry skin, skinned herring, sardines and anchovies.