Ureteroscopic lithotripsy uses a thin mirror of about 3mm in diameter, inserted through the urethra and bladder into the ureter, to break up and remove ureteral stones or kidney stones. It is a purely minimally invasive urological lumpectomy procedure using the natural lumen of the human urinary system without making any incisions in the body. It is suitable for all kinds of ureteral stones and some kidney stones for which conservative treatment has failed. Compared with open surgery, ureteroscopic lithotripsy has the advantages of less damage, less pain and faster recovery. You can usually be discharged from the hospital in 1 day after the procedure, and in some hospitals, outpatient day surgery is available. Compared to extracorporeal lithotripsy, ureteroscopic lithotripsy avoids the problems of repeated multiple treatments, long waiting process for stone removal, and uncertainty of lithotripsy results. Ureteroscopic lithotripsy is also indicated for patients who require anticoagulant medication because of severe cardiovascular disease, which is usually a contraindication to open surgery or extracorporeal lithotripsy. Ureterolithotripsy is also a very technical procedure. The human ureter is about 625 px in length and extends from the kidney along the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity to the bladder, where it is usually only 3 to 4 mm in diameter. Usually a semi-rigid ureteroscope is used to treat ureteral stones, which is a common ureteroscope. A flexible fiberoptic scope can treat stones in the upper ureter that cannot be treated with a regular ureteroscope, as well as some smaller pelvic and calyx stones. Holmium laser is the best tool for lithotripsy in ureteroscopy.