Retinal detachment is a serious blindness-causing eye disease, which is a kind of fundus disease caused by the separation of the neuroepithelial layer and pigment epithelial layer of the retina, which were closely attached for various reasons. If we compare the human eye to a camera, then the retina is equivalent to the photographic film in the camera. Retinal detachment is equivalent to the separation between the substrate and the photographic material of the photographic film, thus the photographic system of the eye becomes impaired and cannot image well. Retinal detachment is mainly divided into three categories: fissure, traction and exudation. Clinically, fissure-derived retinal detachment is the most common, as a result of the fissure in the retinal neuroepithelium, the liquefied vitreous flows into the pigment epithelium and the neuroepithelium through the fissure, leading to the separation between the two epithelium layers. Retinal detachment of fissure origin tends to occur in patients with high myopia, aphakic eyes after cataract surgery, ocular trauma, and the presence of retinal degeneration. The first large-scale epidemiological survey of retinal detachment in China was conducted by our ophthalmology department between January 1996 and December 1999, and it was found that the annual incidence of retinal detachment was 11.3/100,000 in 1996, 14.1/100,000 in 1997 and 1998, and 17.6/100,000 in 1999. The annual incidence of foraminogenic retinal detachment in 1999 was significantly higher than that in 1996, and the incidence of retinal detachment was on the rise. In the survey, it was also found that 41% of the patients with high myopia had myopic refractive error greater than 600 degrees, which shows that there is a close relationship between high myopia and the occurrence of retinal detachment. As China is a region with a high prevalence of myopia and a high incidence of myopia among adolescents, the risk of retinal detachment deserves our attention. Retinal detachment is extremely dangerous to vision and has a high incidence in the knowledgeable population. The disease has a rapid onset and progression and can seriously affect the quality of life of patients in a short period of time. Therefore, early detection and diagnosis of this disease and early surgical treatment are necessary to save the patient’s vision. In recent years, with the development of clinical research, the success rate of surgery has reached more than 90%, but most of the patients’ postoperative vision recovery is still unsatisfactory, which is mainly due to the lack of awareness of many patients about this disease, not timely medical treatment, and missed the time of early treatment, resulting in poor postoperative vision recovery. There are many such examples. We found in the clinic that many patients with retinal detachment often think that the loss of vision is caused by senile cataract, so they fail to seek medical treatment in time, or some ophthalmologists in community hospitals do not know enough about this disease, which leads to misdiagnosis as cataract without giving timely diagnosis, thus missing the best time for surgery, or even losing the opportunity for surgery. In addition, some patients with traumatic eye injury are also suffering from cataract. In addition, some patients with ocular trauma often overlook the fact that ocular trauma is also an important cause of retinal detachment, believing that eye injuries always cause a temporary loss of vision and that vision will recover slowly after some time, so they do not seek medical attention in time, resulting in the loss of time for surgery and blindness. Some highly myopic patients often have some diseases caused by myopia, such as vitreous turbidity and macular degeneration, which have some symptoms similar to those of retinal detachment, often leading patients to ignore the existence of retinal detachment, preventing early detection of the disease, early diagnosis and treatment of retinal detachment. Only early detection can lead to early treatment. Therefore, it is especially important to increase the publicity and strengthen the early diagnosis and self-diagnosis of retinal detachment. There are early symptoms of retinal detachment, and the early symptoms of retinal detachment are as follows: (1) Flying mosquito phenomenon and flashing sensation: the earliest appearance. The flashing sensation is actually caused by the vitreous traction retina, often a sign of retinal fissure, while the mosquito phenomenon may be due to the rupture of small blood vessels at the retinal fissure caused by bleeding and retinal pigment cells through the fissure into the vitreous cavity caused by the symptoms. Middle-aged and elderly people, especially highly myopic patients or patients with recent eye trauma, suddenly appear a large number of flying mosquito phenomenon or a certain direction of continuous flash feeling, should be alert to the possibility of retinal detachment. (2) Sudden loss of vision: The vision loss caused by cataract is slow and often lasts for several years, while the vision loss caused by retinal detachment is more drastic. In the early stage of the disease, retinal detachment often starts in the peripheral part of the eye. Since human vision is mainly provided by photoreceptor cells in the macula, which is located at the posterior pole of the eye, it has no or little effect on central vision in the early stage of the disease. When retinal detachment involves the macula, the patient’s visual acuity decreases dramatically. Therefore, patients with high-risk factors should have a detailed dilated pupil examination of the fundus when they have sudden vision loss. (3) Visual field defects: When retinal detachment occurs, when looking at something with the affected eye, there will be an illusion that there is a defect in the object being looked at, such as looking at one’s palm, one will find that there are missing fingers. Sensitive patients can detect the symptoms of visual field defects at an early stage and thus obtain an early diagnosis. (4) Visual distortion: When the peripheral retinal detachment spreads to the posterior pole or shallow detachment occurs in the posterior pole, in addition to the loss of central vision, there is also visual distortion, which is manifested as smaller visual objects and curved lines. Retinal detachment is not a terrible disease, as many tertiary hospitals in China are able to diagnose and treat this disease, and the success rate of surgery is still relatively high. For patients, once retinal detachment occurs, they should immediately seek medical attention and actively strive for early surgical treatment. Prior to surgery, activities should be minimized to prevent further expansion of the retinal detachment. The patient should follow the doctor’s advice and adopt an appropriate lying position to limit the further development of retinal detachment, and the affected eye should be treated with pupil-dilating drops such as tropicamide and appropriate antibiotics and hormonal eye drops. Patients should actively cooperate with the examination and use fundoscopy, triangulation and other instruments to find retinal fissures and understand the severity of retinal detachment. Different surgical procedures will be determined according to the patient’s eye condition. Currently, the main treatments for retinal detachment are ring ligation and pressure surgery and vitrectomy. In the former, the lacunae are closed by condensation and the retinal pigment epithelium is re-adhered to the neuroepithelium by external pressure. Vitrectomy is a surgical method mainly for patients with vitreous opacities, vitreous cords, and more severe retinal detachments, which is more complex and requires higher requirements for surgical equipment and surgeons. In addition to removal of the diseased vitreous, condensation or photocoagulation to close the fissure, some patients are treated with intraocular gas injection for internal filling and prone position for a short period after surgery. In some cases, silicone oil is used for intraocular filling. Retinal detachment has a certain rate of recurrence, so a certain period of recuperation after surgery is very important. The following points must be noted: firstly, it is not easy to overexert the eyes and pay attention to rest. Secondly, avoid heavy physical work, no heavy lifting and no strenuous activities. In addition, eat more fruits and vegetables, eat a light diet, and keep your bowels open. Regular follow-up eye examinations are also very important, as they can detect changes in the eye condition and treat the symptoms. Patients can also use some simple self-examination methods to detect changes in the disease, such as observing changes in visual acuity and visual field. Once the condition changes, you should seek medical attention in a timely manner, do not take any chances. The ancient saying “the top doctor will cure the disease, the middle doctor will cure the disease, the bottom doctor will cure both diseases” is to point out the importance of disease prevention. The same for retinal detachment is also prevention is more important than treatment, because at present any treatment means only to make the retinal neuroepithelial layer to achieve anatomical reset, can not completely restore the patient’s damaged visual function, so the prevention of disease is particularly important. First of all, the promotion of eye hygiene should be increased to prevent the occurrence of myopia, starting with adolescents. The onset of myopia in adolescents mainly has the following characteristics: 1, lying down, walking or riding in a car when reading and writing, resulting in reading distance too close or constantly changing, increasing the burden of eye regulation, causing visual fatigue. 2, reading in a dark environment or in the sun, causing visual fatigue and vision loss. 3, less outdoor activities, stay in the house for a long time, because indoor light is diffused light, the eyes need to adjust, so even if not 4, obsessed with video games, Internet, etc., so that the eyes for a long time in the state of regulation and not rest. We have encountered such a case in the clinic, a continuous game for more than ten hours of college students right eye suddenly decline, at first he thought it was visual fatigue, when he came to our hospital found that the retina has detached nearly 2 / 3. Therefore, good eye habits are very important to prevent retinal detachment, if you do not care for your eyes, they will strike. Secondly, people with high risk factors for retinal detachment should go to the hospital for regular eye examinations, especially myopic patients with fundus lesions should have regular dilated eye examinations to prevent further retinal detachment through timely treatment of fundus lesions, such as dry retinal fissures should be given laser treatment in a timely manner. For patients with retinal detachment in the opposite eye, the examination of the healthy eye should be focused, because the rate of bilateral retinal detachment is still very high. Preventing eye trauma is also a measure to prevent retinal detachment. The incidence of eye trauma in China is still relatively high among adolescents, so we should actively do publicity and prevention work.