Foramen ovale retinal detachment is a separation between the neuroepithelial and pigment epithelial layers of the retina. It occurs in middle-aged or elderly people, more often in males, often with sequential onset in both eyes, and most often with myopic refractive error. The onset of the disease depends on three factors: retinal detachment, vitreous liquefaction, and the presence of a sufficient tensile force to separate the retinal neuroepithelium from the pigment epithelium, with retinal detachment being the key factor. Predisposing factors Retinal detachment is associated with a number of factors, some of which are known as predisposing factors because they are highly susceptible to retinal detachment. The main factors are: ① myopic eyes: easy to produce vitreous degeneration and posterior detachment, while the peripheral retina is weak, often lattice-like degeneration and cystic degeneration, in the vitreous traction is easy to form a retinal hole and thus lead to retinal detachment. Aphakic eyes: People with vitreous complications associated with cataract surgery are particularly prone to retinal detachment. In the latter case of intracapsular cataract extraction, it may be related to the movement of the vitreous body that fills the original crystalline space. With vitreous insertion, the natural condition of the posterior vitreous detachment is altered, thus inducing vitreous tugging on the retina of the aphakic eye. (iii) Age: The vitreous body of the elderly is mostly degenerated and liquefied, often accompanied by various retinal degenerations, thus prone to retinal detachment. ④ retinal degeneration: some retinal degeneration, such as lattice-like degeneration, frost-like degeneration, paving stone-like degeneration, especially prone to the formation of retinal detachment. This is because the degeneration reduces the adhesion and traction resistance of the retina. ⑤ Trauma: In contusion, the moment of impact movement can temporarily deform the eyeball, and although the wall of the eyeball can comply with the external force, the vitreous body cannot, and at this time the base of the vitreous body is separated from the wall of the globe, which is prone to produce retinal serrated rim dissection. Perforating trauma can directly cause retinal detachment, while late vitreous proliferation can lead to traction detachment. Symptoms (1) Flying mosquitoes and flashes of light: the earliest to appear. It is actually a symptom of posterior vitreous detachment. Middle-aged and old people, especially patients with high myopia, should be alert to the possibility of retinal detachment when a large number of flying mosquitoes and continuous flashes of light in a certain direction suddenly appear. (2) Visual field defects: most retinal detachment occurs within a few hours, patients suddenly feel a dark curtain-like shadow in the visual field, which expands with the development of retinal detachment. (3) Loss of central vision: Retinal detachment at the posterior pole, especially when it involves the macula, results in a dramatic loss of vision. (4) Deformation of vision: when the peripheral retinal detachment affects the posterior pole or shallow detachment occurs at the posterior pole, there is deformation of vision in addition to the loss of central vision. Treatment Currently, surgery is the only means of treatment for retinal detachment of foramen ovale. The choice of surgery for foraminal retinal detachment should be based on the scope of retinal detachment, the size, morphology, number, and location of the fissure, the size and location of the area of degeneration, the retinal surface membrane formation or not, and the vitreous condition. The surgical goal is to close the lacunae, eliminate or reduce the vitreous traction on the retina, restore retinal mobility, and achieve anatomical retinal reset. Laser photocoagulation, transscleral photocoagulation, electrocoagulation or condensation can be used to produce an inflammatory reaction around the fissure hole to close the fissure hole; then according to the retinal detachment and vitreous condition, we can choose extra-scleral cushioning pressure, scleral ring ligation, and vitreous surgery, gas or silicone oil vitreous intravitreous cavity filling and other surgeries in complicated cases, so as to make the retina reset Prognosis Generally speaking, the smaller the scope of retinal detachment is, the smaller the number of fissure holes, the smaller the fissure area is, and the more proliferative membrane formation is, the more the fissure hole area is. In general, the smaller the extent of retinal detachment, the fewer the number of lacunae, the smaller the size of the lacunae, and the milder the proliferative membrane formation, the greater the surgical success rate, while the opposite is true. In addition, the duration of detachment is also an important factor in determining the prognosis, and the longer the duration of detachment, the lower the likelihood of success. The success of the surgery is based on whether the retina can be restored. However, retinal resetting does not necessarily have a corresponding recovery of visual function. For example, if the detachment is more than 6 months old, even if the retina is reset, the visual function cannot be improved because the retinal optic cells have been irreversibly damaged and the absolute visual field defect still exists. The prognosis of central vision depends on whether the macula is involved and the duration of involvement. Prevention The incidence of primary retinal detachment is about 15% in both eyes, so when detachment occurs in one eye, the other eye must be fully dilated to check the fundus: if retinal degeneration, fissure, while the vitreous body has no obvious degeneration, fissure is not seen at the adhesive traction, should avoid eye trauma, weight bearing and strenuous exercise, and if necessary, local retinal laser photocoagulation; has been found to have shallow detachment, it is necessary to take timely operation to prevent detachment from continuing to expand. If a superficial detachment has been detected, surgery should be performed in time to prevent the detachment from expanding. In addition, if there is early lattice-like retinal degeneration, severe lattice-like retinal degeneration after photocoagulation and retinal detachment surgery, it is recommended to follow up for a long period of time, and at least once a year, dilate the pupils to check the fundus in detail, in order to prevent retinal detachment from occurring or recurring.