Lung transplantation has been carried out in more than 60,000 cases all over the world. At present, lung transplantation has become more mature, but there are still some problems that have not yet been solved? 1, the anastomosis of the bronchial artery In conventional lung resection surgery, the bronchial artery is routinely cut off ligation processing, lung transplantation surgery, routinely also cut off processing, the current technical conditions do not support the anastomosis of the bronchial artery. Lung tissue is the dual blood supply of pulmonary artery and bronchial artery, the lack of blood supply of bronchial artery, whether it affects the transplanted lung tissue is not yet known. 2, Denervation of the Transplanted Lung The pulmonary vagus nerve is also routinely severed during routine pneumonectomy. It is not known whether denervation of the donor lung after lung transplantation has any effect on long-term complications in the donor lung. In the respiratory system, the vagus nerve regulates airway tone, blood supply, mucus secretion, and respiratory form. The vagus nerve has at least five receptor receptors in the airways, and surgical resection inevitably affects the corresponding functions. 3, De-lymphatic distribution of transplanted lungs At present, due to technical reasons, it is not yet possible to explore the distribution of lymphatic vessels on the surface of the lungs and pleura intraoperatively, and it is not known whether the removal of these lymphatic channels will affect the results of postoperative lung transplantation.